Kaur Harjeet, Kumar Baldeep, Medhi Bikash
Department of Pharmacology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India.
eNeurologicalSci. 2016 Jun 17;4:42-51. doi: 10.1016/j.ensci.2016.06.003. eCollection 2016 Sep.
Epilepsy is the most common neurological disorder which significantly affects the quality of life and poses a health as well as economic burden on society. Epilepsy affects approximately 70 million people in the world. The present article reviews the scientific rationale, brief pathophysiology of epilepsy and newer antiepileptic drugs which are presently under clinical development. We have searched the investigational drugs using the key words 'antiepileptic drugs,' 'epilepsy,' 'Phase I,' 'Phase II' and 'Phase III' in American clinical trial registers (clinicaltrials.gov), the relevant published articles using National Library of Medicine's PubMed database, company websites and supplemented results with a manual search of cross-references and conference abstracts. This review provides a brief description about the antiepileptic drugs which are targeting different mechanisms and the clinical development status of these drugs. Besides the presence of old as well as new AEDs, still there is a need of new drugs or the modified version of old drugs in order to make affected people free of seizures. An optimistic approach should be used to translate the success of preclinical testing to clinical practice. There is an urgent need to improve animal models and to explore new targets with better understanding in order to develop the novel drugs with more efficacy and safety.
癫痫是最常见的神经系统疾病，严重影响生活质量，给社会带来健康和经济负担。全球约有7000万人受癫痫影响。本文综述了癫痫的科学依据、简要病理生理学以及目前正在临床开发的新型抗癫痫药物。我们在美国临床试验注册库（clinicaltrials.gov）中使用关键词“抗癫痫药物”“癫痫”“I期”“II期”和“III期”搜索了研究药物，利用美国国立医学图书馆的PubMed数据库搜索了相关已发表文章、公司网站，并通过手动搜索交叉引用和会议摘要补充结果。本综述简要介绍了针对不同机制的抗癫痫药物及其临床开发状况。除了现有新旧抗癫痫药物外，仍需要新药或旧药的改良版本，以使患者摆脱癫痫发作。应采用乐观的方法将临床前试验的成功转化为临床实践。迫切需要改进动物模型，更好地探索新靶点，以开发出更有效、更安全的新型药物。
