Benmakhlouf Yousra, Zian Zeineb, Ben Makhlouf Kaoutar, Ghailani Nourouti Naima, Barakat Amina, Bennani Mechita Mohcine
Drs. Benmakhlouf, Zian, Ghailani Nourouti, Barakat, and Bennani Mechita are with Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics Research Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques of Tangier, at Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Morocco, in Tétouan, Morocco.
Dr. Ben Makhlouf is with Boudra Fertility Center for Assisted Reproduction in Fez, Morocco.
Innov Clin Neurosci. 2020 Oct 1;17(10-12):9-13. eCollection 2020 Oct-Dec.
Intellectual disability (ID) is a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by a congenital limitation in intellectual functioning and adaptive behaviour. Our present work aimed to describe the demographic and clinical characteristics in a series of Moroccan individuals with ID living in Fez city and its regions. It was a prospective and descriptive exploratory monocentric study carried out between October 2014 and July 2019. We selected 186 patients diagnosed with ID at three different centers in Fez city. The data were processed and analyzed using the IBM SPSS version 24. Our data revealed a high frequency of male patients with ID (67.2% in male patients vs. 32.8% in female patients). The male-to-female ratio was 2.04. The mean age of our patients was 15.52 ±6.59 years (mean±SD), ranging between 2 and 36 years. The mean age of fathers and mothers at the birth of their child with ID was 36 and 28 years, respectively. Several abnormal behaviors were observed: 23.1 percent delayed language learning, 17.7 percent anxiety, 12.9 percent aggressiveness, 19.18 percent concentration problems, and 5.4 percent hyperactivity. Epileptic seizures were the most common mental health disorder (21.72%) observed in our patients. Approximately 25 percent of patients with epilepsy took antiepileptic and/or neuroleptics to prevent the occurrence of seizures. A significant correlation was observed between ID associated to genetic causes and the increase of consanguinity rate.
智力残疾（ID）是一组异质性疾病，其特征是智力功能和适应性行为存在先天性限制。我们目前的工作旨在描述居住在非斯市及其周边地区的一系列摩洛哥智力残疾个体的人口统计学和临床特征。这是一项前瞻性、描述性探索性单中心研究，于2014年10月至2019年7月进行。我们在非斯市的三个不同中心选择了186名被诊断为智力残疾的患者。数据使用IBM SPSS 24版进行处理和分析。我们的数据显示，智力残疾男性患者的比例很高（男性患者占67.2%，女性患者占32.8%）。男女比例为2.04。我们患者的平均年龄为15.52±6.59岁（平均值±标准差），年龄范围在2岁至36岁之间。孩子患有智力残疾的父亲和母亲在孩子出生时的平均年龄分别为36岁和28岁。观察到几种异常行为：23.1%的患者语言学习延迟，17.7%的患者焦虑，12.9%的患者有攻击性，19.18%的患者注意力不集中，5.4%的患者多动。癫痫发作是我们患者中最常见的心理健康障碍（21.72%）。约25%的癫痫患者服用抗癫痫药和/或抗精神病药以预防癫痫发作。观察到与遗传原因相关的智力残疾与近亲结婚率的增加之间存在显著相关性。
