Boyko E A, Goncharuk N N, Dashitsyrenova A D, Kostenko N A, Sinitsina O O, Shevyreva M P
Gig Sanit. 2016;95(8):717-21.
The realization of the package of measures directed at the consecutive decrease of the negative effect of hazardous chemical and biological factors on the population and environment to the acceptable risk level stipulates the development of standard legal regulation in the field of ensuring the chemical and biological safety. For this purpose article presents substantiation and conceptual approaches to the creation of legislation in the field of the chemical and biological security of the Russian Federation within the pursued state policy. In determination of conceptual approaches, in the article there are reported: the main idea, the purpose, a subject of legal regulation, the circle of people who will be subjected to the laws, the place offuture laws in the system of current legislation, the provisions of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the Federal backbone laws of the Russian Federation to realization of which laws are directed, there is given the general characteristic and an assessment of a condition of legal regulation in this field, results of the analysis of the information on the need for correspondence of Russian laws to provision of international treaties, concerning prohibitions of the biological and chemical weapon, safe handling with biological agents and chemicals, and also the development of uniform procedures of ensuring chemical and biological safety. The major aspect in the shaping of the legislation is the global character ofproblems of chemical and biological safety in this connection in article there is indicated the need of rapprochement of rules of law for this area with partners in economic cooperation and integration. Taking into account an orientation of future laws on the decrease in the level of the negative impact of dangerous chemical and biological factors on the population and environment, there are designated medical, social, economic and political consequences of their implementation. There are presented the proposed structure for bills: “About biological safety”, “On Chemical Safety” and “On the National collection of pathogens.
为将针对有害化学和生物因素对人口与环境的负面影响持续降至可接受风险水平的一系列措施落到实处，需要制定确保化学和生物安全领域的标准法律法规。为此，本文阐述了在俄罗斯联邦现行国家政策框架内，制定化学和生物安全领域立法的依据及概念性方法。在确定概念性方法时，本文报告了以下内容：主要思想、目的、法律规制的主体、受法律约束的人群范围、未来法律在现行立法体系中的位置、俄罗斯联邦宪法的相关规定、俄罗斯联邦主要联邦法律（这些法律正是为实施相关法律而制定），对该领域法律规制状况进行了总体描述和评估，分析了俄罗斯法律与国际条约条款相符性的相关信息，这些国际条约涉及禁止生物和化学武器、安全处理生物制剂和化学品，以及制定确保化学和生物安全的统一程序。立法形成过程中的一个主要方面是化学和生物安全问题的全球性，因此本文指出有必要使该领域的法律规则与经济合作和一体化伙伴的规则接轨。考虑到未来法律旨在降低危险化学和生物因素对人口与环境的负面影响程度，本文还指出了实施这些法律所带来的医疗、社会、经济和政治后果。此外，还介绍了拟议法案的结构：《生物安全法》《化学安全法》以及《国家病原体库法》。
