Sadeghi Fazel Fariba, Derakhshanrad Nazi, Yekaninejad Mir Saeed, Vosoughi Fardis, Derakhshanrad Asal, Saberi Hooshang
Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. AND Department of Health Management, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Karaj, Iran.
Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Acta Med Iran. 2018 Jan;56(1):56-61.
Pressure Ulcers (PUs) remain among the most common complications after traumatic spinal cord Injuries (SCIs). The main goal of risk factor assessment with different tools has been to provisionally estimate the chance of developing pressure ulcers in patients with Spinal Cord Injury (SCI). Braden tool has been of good predictive value and most commonly employed in hospital communities for risk assessment of pressure sore development. The objective of this study was to determine the Braden risk factors as well as the prevalence of pressure injuries in SCI patients. This cross-sectional study was performed from June 2013 to December 2015 on 163 consecutive referred outpatients with chronic traumatic SCI in our tertiary SCI rehabilitation clinic. We assessed pressure induced skin injuries as well as their Braden risk factors and analyzed their association with stage and location of Pressure Ulcer (PU) and calculated prevalence of PU. One hundred and sixty-three patients out of 580 were found to have active pressure sores, with a prevalence of 28.1%. In the multiple models, only the Braden scale had significant association with the presence of active pressure sore. Patients with severe and moderate Braden scores were 2.36 and 1.82 times, more at risk of pressure sore development, as compared with those having mild scores (P≤0.01). It may be deduced that in various stages of SCI rehabilitation, the Braden scale may be calculated, and patients with moderate and severe risks (according to Braden sale) may need more attention and/or inpatient care for PU prevention.
压疮（PUs）仍然是创伤性脊髓损伤（SCIs）后最常见的并发症之一。使用不同工具进行风险因素评估的主要目标是初步估计脊髓损伤（SCI）患者发生压疮的可能性。Braden工具具有良好的预测价值，在医院社区中最常用于压疮发生风险的评估。本研究的目的是确定SCI患者的Braden风险因素以及压疮的患病率。这项横断面研究于2013年6月至2015年12月在我们的三级SCI康复诊所对163例连续转诊的慢性创伤性SCI门诊患者进行。我们评估了压力引起的皮肤损伤及其Braden风险因素，并分析了它们与压疮（PU）分期和部位的关联，计算了PU的患病率。580例患者中有163例被发现患有活动性压疮，患病率为28.1%。在多个模型中，只有Braden量表与活动性压疮的存在有显著关联。与轻度评分患者相比，Braden评分重度和中度的患者发生压疮的风险分别高2.36倍和1.82倍（P≤0.01）。可以推断，在SCI康复的各个阶段，可以计算Braden量表，中度和重度风险（根据Braden量表）的患者可能需要更多关注和/或住院护理以预防压疮。
