Weinreb H J
J Neurogenet. 1986 Jul;3(4):233-46. doi: 10.3109/01677068609106853.
Selected dermatoglyphic variables were analyzed in 50 patients with presumed Alzheimer's disease (AD), 50 patients with dementia referable to other causes, and 100 control patients without known dementia matched for age, sex, and race. AD patients have a significantly increased frequency of ulnar loops on the fingertips, Simian creases on the palms, palmar hypothenar patterns; and large distal loops in the hallucal region. A trend involving an increased frequency of radial loops on the fourth and fifth digits, Sydney lines on the palms, and small distal loops on the soles was also observed. The presence of eight or more ulnar loops or bilateral hypothenar patterns separates AD patients from controls with 84% sensitivity and 63% specificity, supporting the discriminant value of dermatoglyphics in the categorization of patients and in the potential identification of asymptomatic persons at increased risk for AD by dermatoglyphic criteria. The dermatoglyphic patterns observed in the AD patients correspond remarkably with patterns repeatedly observed in Down's syndrome and parents of Down's syndrome children, suggesting that a common genetic factor modulates epidermal ridge formation during fetal development, meiotic non-disjunction during gametogenesis, and accelerated neuronal senescence.
对50例疑似阿尔茨海默病（AD）患者、50例其他病因所致痴呆患者以及100例年龄、性别和种族匹配的无痴呆对照患者的选定皮纹变量进行了分析。AD患者指尖尺侧箕纹、手掌猿线、小鱼际纹的出现频率显著增加；拇趾区有大的远侧箕纹。还观察到一种趋势，即第四和第五指桡侧箕纹、手掌悉尼线以及足底小远侧箕纹的出现频率增加。存在8条或更多尺侧箕纹或双侧小鱼际纹可将AD患者与对照区分开，敏感性为84%，特异性为63%，这支持了皮纹学在患者分类以及通过皮纹标准潜在识别AD风险增加的无症状个体方面的判别价值。在AD患者中观察到的皮纹模式与在唐氏综合征患者以及唐氏综合征患儿父母中反复观察到的模式显著对应，这表明一个共同的遗传因素在胎儿发育过程中调节表皮嵴形成、配子发生过程中的减数分裂不分离以及神经元衰老加速。
