Desensitization of contact allergy to DNFB in mice. III. Characteristics of immediate desensitization induced by haptenated spleen cells.

The immediate effects and mechanisms of desensitization of contact sensitivity to dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) were investigated. Intravenous injection of dinitrophenol (DNP)-labeled syngeneic spleen cells caused significant antigen-specific inhibition (greater than 40%) of the contact response within 24 hr in mice that had been sensitized 2 weeks prior to desensitization. With low concentrations of the hapten used for labeling, allogeneic spleen cells were found to be more efficient than syngeneic ones in inducing the down-regulation of the contact response. The most efficient desensitization was produced by DNP-cells that differed from the recipient at the MLS locus. Haptenated spleen cells induced the production of suppressor mechanisms, as spleen cells from animals desensitized with DNP-cells were able to down-regulate recipients in adoptive transfer and could block the passive transfer of contact sensitivity. Procedures that interfere with the development of suppressor cells, e.g., cyclophosphamide and adult thymectomy, interfered with desensitization by DNP-cells. These results are in contrast to desensitization with soluble dinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (DNBS), where suppressor mechanisms have not been shown. The mechanisms for desensitization depend upon the form of the desensitizing antigen.