Flannery Brendan, Chung Jessie R, Belongia Edward A, McLean Huong Q, Gaglani Manjusha, Murthy Kempapura, Zimmerman Richard K, Nowalk Mary Patricia, Jackson Michael L, Jackson Lisa A, Monto Arnold S, Martin Emily T, Foust Angie, Sessions Wendy, Berman LaShondra, Barnes John R, Spencer Sarah, Fry Alicia M
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2018 Feb 16;67(6):180-185. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6706a2.
In the United States, annual vaccination against seasonal influenza is recommended for all persons aged ≥6 months (1). During each influenza season since 2004-05, CDC has estimated the effectiveness of seasonal influenza vaccine to prevent laboratory-confirmed influenza associated with medically attended acute respiratory illness (ARI). This report uses data from 4,562 children and adults enrolled in the U.S. Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Network (U.S. Flu VE Network) during November 2, 2017-February 3, 2018. During this period, overall adjusted vaccine effectiveness (VE) against influenza A and influenza B virus infection associated with medically attended ARI was 36% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 27%-44%). Most (69%) influenza infections were caused by A(H3N2) viruses. VE was estimated to be 25% (CI = 13% to 36%) against illness caused by influenza A(H3N2) virus, 67% (CI = 54%-76%) against A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses, and 42% (CI = 25%-56%) against influenza B viruses. These early VE estimates underscore the need for ongoing influenza prevention and treatment measures. CDC continues to recommend influenza vaccination because the vaccine can still prevent some infections with currently circulating influenza viruses, which are expected to continue circulating for several weeks. Even with current vaccine effectiveness estimates, vaccination will still prevent influenza illness, including thousands of hospitalizations and deaths. Persons aged ≥6 months who have not yet been vaccinated this season should be vaccinated.
在美国，建议所有年龄≥6个月的人每年接种季节性流感疫苗（1）。自2004 - 2005年以来的每个流感季节，美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）都对季节性流感疫苗预防与就医急性呼吸道疾病（ARI）相关的实验室确诊流感的有效性进行了评估。本报告使用了2017年11月2日至2018年2月3日期间纳入美国流感疫苗有效性网络（美国流感疫苗效力网络）的4562名儿童和成人的数据。在此期间，针对与就医ARI相关的甲型和乙型流感病毒感染的总体调整后疫苗效力（VE）为36%（95%置信区间[CI]=27% - 44%）。大多数（69%）流感感染由A（H3N2）病毒引起。针对由甲型H3N2流感病毒引起的疾病，估计VE为25%（CI = 13%至36%），针对甲型H1N1pdm09病毒为67%（CI = 54% - 76%），针对乙型流感病毒为42%（CI = 25% - 56%）。这些早期的VE估计强调了持续采取流感预防和治疗措施的必要性。CDC继续建议接种流感疫苗，因为该疫苗仍可预防一些当前流行的流感病毒感染，预计这些病毒还会持续传播数周。即使根据目前的疫苗效力估计，接种疫苗仍将预防流感疾病，包括数千例住院和死亡病例。本季节尚未接种疫苗的年龄≥6个月的人应接种疫苗。
