Domínguez-Alegría A R, Pintado V, Barbolla I
Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, España.
Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, España.
Rev Clin Esp (Barc). 2018 Jun-Jul;218(5):244-252. doi: 10.1016/j.rce.2018.01.004. Epub 2018 Feb 12.
Invasive pneumococcal disease is a severe infection that mainly affects patients with associated comorbidity. The paediatric conjugate vaccination has resulted in a change in the adult vaccination strategy. The antibiotic resistance of pneumococcus is not currently a severe problem. Nevertheless, the World Health Organisation has included pneumococcus among the bacteria whose treatment requires the introduction of new drugs, such as ceftaroline and ceftobiprole. Although the scientific evidence is still limited, the combination of beta-lactams and macrolides is recommended as empiric therapy for bacteraemic pneumococcal pneumonia.
侵袭性肺炎球菌病是一种严重感染，主要影响伴有合并症的患者。儿童结合疫苗接种已导致成人疫苗接种策略的改变。肺炎球菌的抗生素耐药性目前并非严重问题。尽管如此，世界卫生组织已将肺炎球菌列入治疗需要引入新药（如头孢洛林和头孢比普）的细菌名单。虽然科学证据仍然有限，但推荐β-内酰胺类和大环内酯类药物联合作为血行性肺炎球菌肺炎的经验性治疗。
