Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, España.
Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, España.
Med Clin (Barc). 2018 Jun 22;150(12):472-478. doi: 10.1016/j.medcli.2017.12.008. Epub 2018 Feb 12.
Refeeding syndrome (RS) is a complex disease that occurs when nutritional support is initiated after a period of starvation. The hallmark feature is the hypophosphataemia, however other biochemical abnormalities like hypokalaemia, hypomagnesaemia, thiamine deficiency and disorder of sodium and fluid balance are common. The incidence of RS is unknown as no universally accepted definition exists, but it is frequently underdiagnosed. RS is a potentially fatal, but preventable, disorder. The identification of patients at risk is crucial to improve their management. If RS is diagnosed, there is one guideline (NICE 2006) in place to help its treatment (but it is based on low quality of evidence). The aims of this review are: highlight the importance of this problem in malnourished patients, discuss the pathophysiology and clinical characteristics, with a final series of recommendations to reduce the risk of the syndrome and facilitate the treatment.
再喂养综合征（RS）是一种复杂的疾病，发生在饥饿一段时间后开始营养支持时。其标志特征是低磷血症，但其他生化异常如低钾血症、低镁血症、硫胺素缺乏以及钠和液体平衡紊乱也很常见。由于没有普遍接受的定义，因此 RS 的发病率尚不清楚，但它经常被漏诊。RS 是一种潜在致命但可预防的疾病。识别有风险的患者对于改善其管理至关重要。如果诊断出 RS，则有一个指南（NICE 2006）可以帮助治疗（但它基于低质量的证据）。本综述的目的是：强调营养不良患者中这一问题的重要性，讨论其病理生理学和临床特征，最后提出一系列建议以降低该综合征的风险并促进治疗。
