Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Students Research Committee, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
J Mycol Med. 2018 Mar;28(1):45-50. doi: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2017.12.009. Epub 2018 Feb 12.
Onychomycosis (OM) or fungal nail infection is one of the most common fungal infections, which is increasingly prevalent. OM is caused by dermatophytes spp, yeasts and non-dermatophyte moulds (NDMs). The purpose of this study was to identify and determine the prevalence rates, predisposing factors and causative agents of OM using clinical symptoms and microscopic morphometric findings.
In the present study, 180 patients suspected of OM were evaluated by direct microscopy using KOH 20%, culturing in Mycosel and Sabouraud dextrose agar media and Olysia software for identifying the causative fungi of OM.
From 180 referred patients, 118 (65.56%) had OM, of whom 79 (66.94%) were positive for infection with dermatophytes spp. Of the 79 cases, the commonest age group was 61-70 years (21%) with males being 46 (58.23%) and females being 33 (41.77%). Both the fingernail and toenail infections were most prevalent in male patients. Sex, diabetes and age above 60 years were significant predisposing factors for OM development. DLSO was observed as the only clinical pattern of OM and T. rubrum was the commonest dermatophyte isolate (49.34%).
This study showed that T. rubrum was the most common dermatophyte agent of OM in Iran.
甲真菌病（OM）或真菌感染是最常见的真菌感染之一，其发病率越来越高。OM 由皮肤癣菌、酵母菌和非皮肤癣菌霉菌（NDMs）引起。本研究旨在通过临床症状和显微镜形态计量学发现来确定和确定 OM 的患病率、易患因素和病原体。
在本研究中，通过直接显微镜检查 KOH 20%、在 Mycosel 和 Sabouraud 葡萄糖琼脂培养基中培养以及使用 Olysia 软件，对 180 例疑似 OM 的患者进行评估，以确定 OM 的致病真菌。
从 180 例转诊患者中，有 118 例（65.56%）患有 OM，其中 79 例（66.94%）对皮肤癣菌感染呈阳性。在 79 例病例中，最常见的年龄组是 61-70 岁（21%），男性 46 例（58.23%），女性 33 例（41.77%）。手指甲和脚趾甲感染在男性患者中最为普遍。性别、糖尿病和年龄超过 60 岁是 OM 发展的显著易患因素。DLSO 被观察为 OM 的唯一临床模式，而 T. rubrum 是最常见的皮肤癣菌分离株（49.34%）。
本研究表明，T. rubrum 是伊朗 OM 最常见的皮肤癣菌病原体。
