Admasie Amha, Zemba Amanuel, Paulos Wondimagegn
School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Wolaita-Sodo University, Wolaita-Sodo, Ethiopia.
Front Public Health. 2018 Feb 1;6:7. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2018.00007. eCollection 2018.
Malaria can be prevented using cost-effective interventions. It can be prevented at large the use of insecticide-treated mosquito nets (ITNs). The use of ITNs decreases malaria mortality rates by 55% in under-5 years old children in Africa, Ethiopia, realizing the effectiveness, scaling up distribution and utilization of ITNs to cover 100% of children less than 5 years of age. However, little is known about ITNs utilization and factors associated with the utilization in under-5 years old children in the study area yet. The purpose of this study was to assess the level and associated factors of ITNs utilization in under-5 years old children among households with under-5 years old children of Mirab Abaya District, Gamo Gofa Zone, Ethiopia.
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted during August-September, 2016. Six study Kebeles were identified by simple random sampling technique and 398 households with at least one under-5 years old children were selected by random sampling technique using computer generated random numbers from health post family folders. Structured, interviewer questionnaire was administered to mothers or care givers of the children. Data were entered to Epi Info Version 3.5 and analyzed in SPSS version 21 statistical software. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was done. -value <0.05 and odds ratio with 95% confidence interval were used for the determination of associations between dependent and predictor variables. Results were presented in narrations, tables, and graph.
Among 398 under-5 years old children assessed, the majority, 362 (91.0%) of them had access to ITN, but only 137 (37.2%) of the child had ITNs utilization during the previous night prior to the survey. Households with age of mothers or caretakers 31-44 years, AOR = 0.03, 95% CI (0.01-0.07) and ≥45 years of age; AOR = 0.05, 95% CI (0.01-0.58); households with family size ≤5 members, AOR = 11.23, 95% CI (4.31-29.24); and households with sleeping space ≥2, AOR = 13.59, 95% CI (4.40-41.93) were found to be significantly associated with under-5 years old children ITNs utilization.
Even though, a significant proportions of under-5 years old children had access to ITN, only one-third of the participant child utilized it properly.
疟疾可通过具有成本效益的干预措施加以预防。大规模使用经杀虫剂处理的蚊帐（ITN）可预防疟疾。在非洲埃塞俄比亚，使用ITN可使5岁以下儿童的疟疾死亡率降低55%，要实现这一效果，需扩大ITN的分发和使用范围，以覆盖100%的5岁以下儿童。然而，对于研究区域内5岁以下儿童使用ITN的情况及其相关因素，目前了解甚少。本研究的目的是评估埃塞俄比亚加莫戈法州米拉布阿巴亚区有5岁以下儿童的家庭中，5岁以下儿童使用ITN的水平及其相关因素。
2016年8月至9月进行了一项基于社区的横断面研究。通过简单随机抽样技术确定了6个研究社区，并使用计算机从卫生站家庭档案中生成的随机数，通过随机抽样技术从健康档案家庭文件夹中选取了398户至少有一名5岁以下儿童的家庭。对儿童的母亲或照顾者进行结构化的访谈问卷调查。数据录入Epi Info 3.5版本，并在SPSS 21版统计软件中进行分析。进行了二元和多因素逻辑回归分析。P值<0.05以及具有95%置信区间的比值比用于确定因变量和预测变量之间的关联。结果以叙述、表格和图表形式呈现。
在评估的398名5岁以下儿童中，大多数，即362名（91.0%）能够获得ITN，但在调查前一晚，只有137名（37.2%）儿童使用了ITN。母亲或照顾者年龄在31 - 44岁的家庭，调整后比值比（AOR）= 0.03，95%置信区间（0.01 - 0.07）；年龄≥45岁的家庭，AOR = 0.05，95%置信区间（0.01 - 0.58）；家庭规模≤5人的家庭，AOR = 11.23，95%置信区间（4.31 - 29.24）；睡眠空间≥2的家庭，AOR = 13.59，95%置信区间（4.40 - 41.93），这些因素被发现与5岁以下儿童使用ITN显著相关。
尽管相当大比例的5岁以下儿童能够获得ITN，但只有三分之一的参与儿童正确使用了它。
