Department of Public Health, Dawo District Health Office, Woliso, Ethiopia.
Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia.
Front Public Health. 2024 Jan 29;11:1261254. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1261254. eCollection 2023.
The use of long-lasting insecticide-treated net (LLIN) is one of the most effective malaria prevention strategies, particularly among pregnant women. It has mosquito-killing repellent and physical barrier properties. Pregnant women, children under 5 years of age, and patients with HIV/AIDS, as well as non-immune migrants, mobile populations, and travelers, are the most vulnerable groups to malaria. Even when pregnant women are given priority, not all nets owned by households are used by pregnant women. Therefore, the risk of the occurrence of malaria during pregnancy is also high.
This study aimed to assess the utilization of long-lasting insecticide-treated net and its associated factors among pregnant women in Dawo district, Southwest Shoa Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia, 2023.
A community-based analytical cross-sectional study was carried out in Dawo district, Southwest Shoa Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia, from 21 to 30 April 2023. A total of 353 pregnant women were chosen through simple random sampling and interviewed face-to-face using a structured and pre-tested questionnaire. Before being exported to the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 23, the data were coded and entered into EPIDATA version 4.6. The study examined the prevalence of long-lasting insecticide-treated net use among pregnant women in the Dawo district using descriptive statistics. Analytical statistics, such as bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses, were used to determine the relationship between independent and dependent variables. Statistical significance was determined using a -value of <0.05 and adjusted odd ratios with 95% confidence intervals.
Long-lasting insecticide-treated nets were utilized by 55.5% (95% CI 50.4-60.7%) of all pregnant participants in the study, which was below the national target. Pregnant women who have antenatal care (ANC) contact for current pregnancy adjusted odds ratio (AOR = 4.66, 95% CI: 1.95, 11.10), community-based health insurance (CBHI) enrollment (AOR = 2.38, 95% confidence intervals, CI: 1.38, 4.11), children under 5 years of age (AOR = 2.68, 95% CI: 1.62, 4.43), understanding that malaria poses a risk to fetuses (AOR = 3.25, 95% CI: 1.26, 8.41), and LLINs access (AOR = 12.47, 95% CI: 3.98, 39.08), were factors that significantly associated with LLIN utilization.
In conclusion, the utilization of LLINs was relatively low. ANC contact for current pregnancy, CBHI enrollment, having children under the age of 5, having a high income, and understanding that malaria poses a risk to fetuses were factors significantly associated with LLIN utilization among pregnant women.
长效驱虫蚊帐（LLIN）的使用是预防疟疾最有效的策略之一，尤其是对孕妇而言。它具有驱蚊和物理屏障的特性。孕妇、5 岁以下儿童、艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者以及非免疫移民、流动人口和旅行者，是最容易感染疟疾的群体。即使孕妇被优先考虑，并非所有家庭拥有的蚊帐都被孕妇使用。因此，孕妇感染疟疾的风险也很高。
本研究旨在评估 2023 年埃塞俄比亚奥罗米亚州西南绍阿地区达沃区孕妇使用长效驱虫蚊帐及其相关因素。
2023 年 4 月 21 日至 30 日，在埃塞俄比亚西南绍阿地区达沃区进行了一项基于社区的分析性横断面研究。采用简单随机抽样方法抽取了 353 名孕妇，并使用结构化和预测试问卷进行面对面访谈。在导出到社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）23 版之前，数据经过编码并输入到 EPIDATA 4.6 版。该研究使用描述性统计方法评估了达沃区孕妇使用长效驱虫蚊帐的情况。采用单变量和多变量逻辑回归分析等分析统计方法，确定了自变量和因变量之间的关系。使用 -值<0.05 和 95%置信区间的调整优势比来确定统计学意义。
在研究中的所有孕妇中，有 55.5%（95%置信区间 50.4-60.7%）使用了长效驱虫蚊帐，这低于国家目标。在当前怀孕时进行产前护理（ANC）接触（调整优势比 [AOR] = 4.66，95%置信区间：1.95，11.10）、参加社区保健保险（CBHI）（AOR = 2.38，95%置信区间，CI：1.38，4.11）、5 岁以下儿童（AOR = 2.68，95%置信区间：1.62，4.43）、了解疟疾对胎儿有风险（AOR = 3.25，95%置信区间：1.26，8.41）和获得长效驱虫蚊帐（AOR = 12.47，95%置信区间：3.98，39.08）的孕妇，与使用长效驱虫蚊帐显著相关。
综上所述，长效驱虫蚊帐的使用率相对较低。当前怀孕时进行产前护理接触、参加社区保健保险、有 5 岁以下儿童、收入较高以及了解疟疾对胎儿有风险，是与孕妇使用长效驱虫蚊帐显著相关的因素。
