活跃的巴西强效可卡因使用者：营养、人体测量和药物使用特征。
Active Brazilian crack cocaine users: nutritional, anthropometric, and drug use profiles.
机构信息
Centro de Pesquisa em Álcool e Drogas, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
出版信息
Braz J Psychiatry. 2018 Oct-Dec;40(4):354-360. doi: 10.1590/1516-4446-2017-2409. Epub 2018 Feb 15.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the nutritional status of crack users and to analyze its correlation with drug use profiles.
METHODS
Cross-sectional study with 108 crack users. Anthropometric data were assessed through body mass index (BMI) and bioimpedance (BIA) measurements. A blood test to analyze hematocrit, hemoglobin, glucose, and lipid profiles was also performed. Crack use was determined through a standardized interview.
RESULTS
Based on BMI and BIA, most individuals were eutrophic (about 70%). Regarding hematological parameters, we found that hemoglobin and hematocrit levels were below normal for 32.4 and 30.6% of patients, respectively. Considering normal parameters, a large part of the sample (60.2%) had low levels of HDL cholesterol and high levels of triglycerides (38%). There were no significant correlations between drug profile and nutritional variables.
CONCLUSION
This is a pioneering study that examines the nutritional status of crack users. Our results showed that most crack users present normal anthropometric findings and the prevalence of underweight is low. However, blood analysis showed changes and a specific type of malnutrition.
目的
评估吸食者的营养状况，并分析其与吸毒情况的相关性。
方法
对 108 名吸食者进行横断面研究。通过体重指数（BMI）和生物电阻抗（BIA）测量评估人体测量数据。还进行了血液检查以分析血细胞比容、血红蛋白、血糖和血脂谱。通过标准化访谈确定吸食情况。
结果
根据 BMI 和 BIA，大多数人属于营养良好（约 70%）。关于血液参数，我们发现血红蛋白和血细胞比容水平分别有 32.4%和 30.6%的患者低于正常值。考虑到正常参数，大部分样本（60.2%）的高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平较低，甘油三酯水平较高（38%）。吸毒情况与营养变量之间没有显著相关性。
结论
这是一项开创性的研究，检查了吸食者的营养状况。我们的结果表明，大多数吸食者的人体测量结果正常，体重不足的患病率较低。然而，血液分析显示存在变化和特定类型的营养不良。
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