Ojo Owagboriaye Folarin, Adewumi Dedeke Gabriel, Oluwatoyin Ademoly Kehinde
Rev Biol Trop. 2016 Jun;64(2):779-89.
The use of direct response of animals to environmental challenges by production of biomarkers is a better tool to assess environmental pollution than the conventional methods. This study aimed to measure Glutathione-S-transferase (GST) in earthworms as tools for assessing heavy metal pollution in abattoir soil. Five (5) replicates each of earthworm species (Libyodrilus violaceous, Eudrilus eugeniae and Alma millsoni), soil and rumen waste samples were collected from three (3) abattoir sites (Lafenwa, Gbonogun and Madojutimi abattoirs), and a control site located within Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta, beside an undisturbed stream with no rumen waste. Heavy metal (Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Co, Cr, Ni and Mn) concentrations in rumen waste, abattoir soils and earthworm tissues were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The pH and organic matter (OM) concentrations of the rumen waste and abattoir soils were determined by standard methods. GST activities in the earthworm tissues were determined through the conjugation of 1 mM reduced glutathione (GSH) with 1 mM 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB). The rumen waste recorded significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) % OM, heavy metal concentrations and pH level than in their respective abattoir soils. The mean heavy metal concentrations of Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd and Mn were highest in the tissue of earthworm species obtained from Lafenwa abattoir. A significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher GST activities were recorded in the tissue of earthworm species obtained from Lafenwa and Gbonogun abattoirs. Libyodrilous violaceus obtained from Lafenwa abattoir recorded the highest GST activity (8.47±1.39) in their tissue followed by the ones from Gbonogun abattoir (8.21±0.85). A significant (p ≤ 0.05) positive correlations was observed between GST activities in earthworm tissues and heavy metal concentrations. GST activities can therefore be used to assess the level of heavy metal pollution in abattoir soils.
通过产生生物标志物让动物直接应对环境挑战，以此作为评估环境污染的工具，比传统方法更好。本研究旨在测定蚯蚓体内的谷胱甘肽 - S - 转移酶（GST），作为评估屠宰场土壤重金属污染的工具。从三个屠宰场地点（拉芬瓦、格博诺贡和马多朱蒂米屠宰场）以及位于阿贝奥库塔联邦农业大学内、旁边有一条未受干扰且无瘤胃废弃物溪流的对照地点，采集了五种蚯蚓（紫蚓属、真蚓属和米尔森蚓属）、土壤和瘤胃废弃物样本各五份。使用原子吸收分光光度计测定瘤胃废弃物、屠宰场土壤和蚯蚓组织中的重金属（铜、锌、铅、镉、钴、铬、镍和锰）浓度。通过标准方法测定瘤胃废弃物和屠宰场土壤的pH值和有机质（OM）浓度。通过1 mM还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）与1 mM 1 - 氯 - 2,4 - 二硝基苯（CDNB）的结合来测定蚯蚓组织中的GST活性。瘤胃废弃物的有机质百分比、重金属浓度和pH值显著高于各自的屠宰场土壤（p≤0.05）。从拉芬瓦屠宰场获取的蚯蚓品种组织中，铜、锌、铅、镉和锰的平均重金属浓度最高。从拉芬瓦和格博诺贡屠宰场获取的蚯蚓品种组织中，GST活性显著更高（p≤0.05）。从拉芬瓦屠宰场获取的紫蚓在其组织中记录到最高的GST活性（8.47±1.39），其次是来自格博诺贡屠宰场的（8.21±0.85）。在蚯蚓组织中的GST活性与重金属浓度之间观察到显著的（p≤0.05）正相关。因此，GST活性可用于评估屠宰场土壤中的重金属污染水平。
