Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Großhaderner Street 2-4, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.
Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Großhaderner Street 2-4, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
Essays Biochem. 2018 Apr 13;62(1):51-64. doi: 10.1042/EBC20170061.
In contrast to the cyanobacterial ancestor, chloroplast gene expression is predominantly governed on the post-transcriptional level such as modifications of the RNA sequence, decay rates, exo- and endonucleolytic processing as well as translational events. The concerted function of numerous chloroplast RNA-binding proteins plays a fundamental and often essential role in all these processes but our understanding of their impact in regulation of RNA degradation is only at the beginning. Moreover, metabolic processes and post-translational modifications are thought to affect the function of RNA protectors. These protectors contain a variety of different RNA-recognition motifs, which often appear as multiple repeats. They are required for normal plant growth and development as well as diverse stress responses and acclimation processes. Interestingly, most of the protectors are plant specific which reflects a fast-evolving RNA metabolism in chloroplasts congruent with the diverging RNA targets. Here, we mainly focused on the characteristics of known chloroplast RNA-binding proteins that protect exonuclease-sensitive sites in chloroplasts of vascular plants.
与蓝藻祖先相反，叶绿体基因表达主要受转录后水平控制，如 RNA 序列修饰、衰减率、外切和内切核酸酶加工以及翻译事件。许多叶绿体 RNA 结合蛋白的协同功能在所有这些过程中起着基本的、往往是必不可少的作用，但我们对它们在调节 RNA 降解中的影响的理解才刚刚开始。此外，代谢过程和翻译后修饰被认为会影响 RNA 保护剂的功能。这些保护剂包含多种不同的 RNA 识别基序，这些基序通常以多个重复出现。它们是植物正常生长发育以及各种胁迫响应和适应过程所必需的。有趣的是，大多数保护剂是植物特有的，这反映了叶绿体中 RNA 代谢的快速进化，与不断变化的 RNA 靶标一致。在这里，我们主要关注已知的叶绿体 RNA 结合蛋白的特征，这些蛋白可保护维管植物叶绿体中外切核酸酶敏感的位点。
