Department of Pathology, Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, 200 Elizabeth Street, 11th Floor, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2M9, Canada.
Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2M9, Canada.
Endocr Pathol. 2018 Jun;29(2):130-136. doi: 10.1007/s12022-018-9521-z.
Pituitary pathology is one area of endocrine pathology that is highly dependent on immunohistochemistry. There is a wide range of disorders that occur in and around the sella turcica, and the distinction of tumor-like lesions from neoplasms requires careful evaluation. The diagnosis, prognosis, and predictive features of neoplasms in the sellar region are all dependent on the application and interpretation of biomarkers of cell differentiation, hormonal activity, subcellular morphology, and proliferation. As in hematopathology, the number of biomarkers has increased dramatically and continues to increase. Fortunately, some of the biomarkers provide information that was initially dependent on electron microscopy; therefore, the need for this additional technology has been reduced to only rare unusual tumors. In this review, we provide a simple approach to understanding the importance of the various biomarkers that are used to ensure the correct diagnosis and provide the treating clinicians with tools to guide appropriate patient management and surveillance.
垂体病理学是内分泌病理学中高度依赖免疫组织化学的一个领域。在蝶鞍及其周围发生着广泛的病变，要区分肿瘤样病变和肿瘤需要仔细评估。鞍区肿瘤的诊断、预后和预测特征都依赖于细胞分化、激素活性、亚细胞形态和增殖的生物标志物的应用和解释。与血液病理学一样，生物标志物的数量已经大大增加，并且还在继续增加。幸运的是，一些生物标志物提供了最初依赖于电子显微镜的信息；因此，对这项额外技术的需求已经减少到只有极少数罕见的肿瘤。在这篇综述中，我们提供了一种简单的方法来理解各种生物标志物的重要性，这些标志物用于确保正确的诊断，并为治疗临床医生提供工具，以指导适当的患者管理和监测。
