德国急性肠胃炎患者中经典和新型星状病毒株的共同循环。
Co-circulation of classic and novel astrovirus strains in patients with acute gastroenteritis in Germany.
机构信息
Department of Infectious Diseases, Unit Viral Gastroenteritis and Hepatitis Pathogens and Enteroviruses, Robert Koch Institute, Seestraße 10, 13353, Berlin, Germany; Consultant Laboratory for Noroviruses, Robert Koch Institute, Seestraße 10, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
Department of Infectious Diseases, Unit Viral Gastroenteritis and Hepatitis Pathogens and Enteroviruses, Robert Koch Institute, Seestraße 10, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
出版信息
J Infect. 2018 May;76(5):457-464. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2018.02.006. Epub 2018 Feb 14.
OBJECTIVES
In order to analyze the molecular epidemiology of human astroviruses (HAstV) in Germany, a retrospective long-term study was performed to characterize circulating human astrovirus in patients with acute gastroenteritis in Germany.
METHODS
A total of 2877 stool samples, collected between January 2010 and December 2015 from sporadic cases and outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis were retrospectively analyzed for astrovirus. A two-step PCR algorithm was developed and used to identify and characterize human astrovirus infections.
RESULTS
Overall, 143 samples were astrovirus-positive (5.0%). Astrovirus infection was most frequently detectable in samples from children of 3-4 years (15%) followed by children of 1-2 years (8.6%), detection rates in adults were lower (1%-3.6%). A high number (71.3%) of co-infections, mainly with noro- or rotaviruses, were identified. Genotyping revealed that at least ten genotypes from all four human MAstV species were circulating in the study population. HAstV-1 was predominant in different age groups. Novel HAstV (MLB and VA genotypes) were also circulating in Germany.
CONCLUSION
Our findings give new insights into the circulation and genetic diversity of human astroviruses in patients with acute gastroenteritis. The novel HAstV-MLB and -VA genotypes could be characterized firstly in Germany while the analysis showed that these viruses have been dispersed in Germany since 2011 as a causative agent of acute gastroenteritis.
目的
为分析德国人类星状病毒（HAstV）的分子流行病学，本研究对德国急性胃肠炎散发病例和暴发疫情中流行的人星状病毒进行了回顾性长期研究。
方法
本研究共分析了 2010 年 1 月至 2015 年 12 月间采集的 2877 份粪便样本，以检测星状病毒。采用两步 PCR 法对人星状病毒感染进行鉴定和特征分析。
结果
总体而言，143 份样本星状病毒检测阳性（5.0%）。3-4 岁儿童的样本中星状病毒感染最常见（15%），其次是 1-2 岁儿童（8.6%），成人的检测率较低（1%-3.6%）。发现了大量（71.3%）的混合感染，主要为诺如病毒或轮状病毒。基因分型显示，研究人群中至少有来自所有 4 种人类 MAstV 种的 10 种基因型在流行。不同年龄组均以 HAstV-1 为主。德国还流行新型 HAstV（MLB 和 VA 基因型）。
结论
本研究结果为急性胃肠炎患者中人类星状病毒的流行和遗传多样性提供了新的认识。新型 HAstV-MLB 和 -VA 基因型首先在德国得到鉴定，分析表明这些病毒自 2011 年以来已在德国传播，是急性胃肠炎的致病因子。
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