The University of Auckland, New Zealand.
The University of Auckland, New Zealand.
Clin Psychol Rev. 2018 Mar;60:126-135. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2018.02.001. Epub 2018 Feb 9.
Child neglect, whether intentional or unintentional on the part of caregivers, has serious and far-reaching negative consequences for children. Neglect is the most prevalent form of child maltreatment and has been associated with impaired cognitive development, changes in brain structure and nervous systems, behavioral and personality disorders and poor academic performance. However, the role of child neglect, and subtypes of neglect, in the development of adult violent behavior is not well understood. The "cycle of violence" hypothesis, which predicts that individuals exposed to child physical abuse are more likely to be physically violent in adulthood, is well supported by the literature. However, a growing number of studies suggests that child neglect may be equally predictive, or more predictive, of adult violent behavior than child physical abuse. The present review considers a range of studies that investigate aspects of this relationship, and identifies key patterns and trends that have emerged from these investigations. Methodological issues and limitations of the existing literature are also identified and new research directions suggested. This review also considers studies that support the possibility of protective factors against the development of adult violent behavior in victims of child neglect.
儿童忽视，无论是照顾者有意还是无意的，都会对儿童造成严重且深远的负面影响。忽视是最常见的儿童虐待形式，与认知发展受损、大脑结构和神经系统变化、行为和人格障碍以及学业成绩不佳有关。然而，儿童忽视以及忽视的亚型在成人暴力行为发展中的作用尚未得到充分理解。“暴力循环”假说预测，暴露于儿童身体虐待的个体在成年后更有可能进行身体暴力，这一假说得到了文献的充分支持。然而，越来越多的研究表明，儿童忽视可能与儿童身体虐待一样，甚至更能预测成人暴力行为。本综述考虑了一系列研究，这些研究调查了这种关系的各个方面，并确定了这些研究中出现的关键模式和趋势。还确定了现有文献的方法问题和局限性，并提出了新的研究方向。本综述还考虑了支持在儿童忽视受害者中存在预防成人暴力行为发展的保护因素的研究。
