Center for Cell Clearance, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
Center for Cell Clearance, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA; Department of Urology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
Trends Cell Biol. 2018 Apr;28(4):317-327. doi: 10.1016/j.tcb.2018.01.004. Epub 2018 Feb 14.
Specialized phagocytes are a newly appreciated classification of phagocyte that currently encompasses Sertoli cells (SCs) of the testes and the retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE) of the retina. While these cells support very different tissues, they have a striking degree of similarity both as phagocytes and in ways that go beyond cell clearance. The clearance of apoptotic germ cells, cell debris, and used photoreceptor outer segments are critical functions of these cells, and the unique nature of their clearance events make specialized phagocytes uniquely suited for studying the larger implications of cell clearance in vivo. The shared functions of specialized phagocytes could provide novel insights into how phagocytosis impacts tissue homeostasis and immune modulation. In this review, we examine the remarkable similarities between SCs and RPE as specialized phagocytes and the physiological effects of cell clearance within a tissue.
专业吞噬细胞是新近被认识的吞噬细胞分类，目前包括睾丸的支持细胞（SCs）和视网膜的视网膜色素上皮细胞（RPE）。虽然这些细胞支持非常不同的组织，但它们在作为吞噬细胞方面以及在超越细胞清除的方面具有惊人的相似性。清除凋亡的生殖细胞、细胞碎片和已用光的感光细胞外节是这些细胞的关键功能，其清除事件的独特性质使专业吞噬细胞非常适合研究细胞清除在体内的更大影响。专业吞噬细胞的共同功能可以为吞噬作用如何影响组织内稳态和免疫调节提供新的见解。在这篇综述中，我们研究了SCs 和 RPE 作为专业吞噬细胞之间的显著相似性，以及细胞清除在组织内的生理效应。
