交错区（IZ）的可识别性，一种潜在的用于年龄相关性视觉功能障碍的光学相干断层扫描（OCT）生物标志物。
Discernibility of the Interdigitation Zone (IZ), a Potential Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) Biomarker for Visual Dysfunction in Aging.
机构信息
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
出版信息
Curr Eye Res. 2023 Nov;48(11):1050-1056. doi: 10.1080/02713683.2023.2240547. Epub 2023 Aug 4.
PURPOSE
Photoreceptor (PR) outer segments, retinal pigment epithelium apical processes, and inter-PR matrix contribute to the interdigitation zone (IZ) of optical coherence tomography (OCT). We hypothesize that this interface degrades over adulthood, in concert with a delay of rod mediated dark adaptation (RMDA). To explore this idea, we determined IZ discernibility and RMDA in younger and older adults.
METHODS
For this cross-sectional study, eyes of 20 young (20-30 years) and 40 older (≥60 years) participants with normal maculas according to the AREDS 9-step grading system underwent OCT imaging and RMDA testing at 5° superior to the fovea. Custom FIJI plugins enabled analysis for IZ discernibility at 9 eccentricities in 0.5 mm steps on one single horizontal B-scan through the fovea. Locations with discernible IZ met two criteria: visibility on B-scans and a distinct peak on a longitudinal reflectivity profile. The frequency of sites meeting both criteria was compared between both age groups and correlated with rod intercept time (RIT).
RESULTS
The median number of locations with discernible IZ was significantly higher (foveal, 4 vs. 0, = 0.0099; extra-foveal 6 vs. 0, < 0.001) in eyes of young (26 ± 3 years) compared to older (73 ± 5 years) participants. For the combined young and older sample, the higher frequency of discernible IZ was correlated with shorter RIT (faster dark adaptation) ( = -0.56, < 0.0001). This association was significant within young eyes ( = -0.54; = 0.0134) and not within older eyes ( = -0.29, = 0.706).
CONCLUSIONS
Results suggest that the interface between outer segments and apical processes degrades in normal aging, potentially contributing to delayed rod-mediated dark adaptation. More research is needed to verify an age-related association between IZ discernibility and rod-mediated dark adaptation. If confirmed in a large sample, IZ discernibility might prove to be a valuable biomarker and predictor for visual function in aging.
目的
光感受器（PR）外节、视网膜色素上皮细胞顶段突起和 PR 之间的基质共同构成了光相干断层扫描（OCT）的内插区（IZ）。我们假设这个界面会随着成年后 rod 介导的暗适应（RMDA）的延迟而退化。为了探索这一观点，我们在年轻和年长成人中确定了 IZ 的可识别性和 RMDA。
方法
在这项横断面研究中，根据 AREDS 9 步分级系统，20 名年轻（20-30 岁）和 40 名年长（≥60 岁）参与者的黄斑正常的眼睛在黄斑上方 5°处进行 OCT 成像和 RMDA 测试。通过一个单一的水平 B 扫描穿过黄斑，在 0.5mm 的 9 个偏心位置使用定制的 FIJI 插件进行 IZ 可识别性分析。可识别 IZ 的位置满足两个标准：在 B 扫描上可见和纵向反射率分布上有明显的峰值。比较两组年龄的位置，并与 rod 截距时间（RIT）相关。
结果
年轻（26±3 岁）组眼睛中可识别 IZ 的位置中位数明显高于年长（73±5 岁）组（黄斑中央，4 个 vs. 0 个， = 0.0099；黄斑外，6 个 vs. 0 个， < 0.001）。对于年轻和年长参与者的综合样本，较高的 IZ 可识别频率与较短的 RIT（更快的暗适应）相关（=−0.56， < 0.0001）。这种关联在年轻的眼睛中是显著的（=−0.54； = 0.0134），而在年长的眼睛中并不显著（=−0.29， = 0.706）。
结论
结果表明，外节和顶段突起之间的界面在正常衰老过程中退化，可能导致 rod 介导的暗适应延迟。需要进一步的研究来验证 IZ 可识别性和 rod 介导的暗适应之间与年龄相关的关联。如果在大样本中得到证实，IZ 可识别性可能成为评估衰老过程中视觉功能的有价值的生物标志物和预测指标。
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