Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain.
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.
Nurse Educ Today. 2018 May;64:16-20. doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2018.02.001. Epub 2018 Feb 6.
Clinical practice is critical for nursing students to acquire the knowledge and skills needed to properly develop professionally. The presence of stress in clinical practice may negatively affect their training.
To understand the extent to which clinical practice can be stressful for nursing students at a Spanish university and to determine the main stressors associated with the practice.
Cross-sectional, descriptive, and observational study conducted in 2016 at the two nursing colleges of the University of Oviedo, located in Oviedo and Gijón in the Principality of Asturias, Spain.
A total of 450 nursing students at a Spanish university served as participants in this study from January to April 2016. A data collection sheet was developed to track different sociodemographic variables, and was distributed together with the KEZKAK questionnaire, a validated scale adapted to Spanish nursing students. It is composed of 41 items using a 4-point Likert scale, rating how much the described situation worries them from 0 ("Not at all") to 3 ("A lot").
Students were most concerned about issues relating to causing harm to patients and lack of competence. Women found clinical practice to be more stressful than men did, both in general terms (p < 0.001) and with respect to all individual factors included in the questionnaire. In addition, there were associations between the "lack of competence" factor and having a job simultaneously (p = 0.011), the "contact with suffering" factor and the school year (p = 0.018), and the "being harmed by the relationship with patients" factor and the age group (p = 0.013).
Nursing students, particularly women, see clinical practice as "rather stressful", with the main stressors being those related to causing harm to patients.
临床实践对于护理学生获得适当专业发展所需的知识和技能至关重要。临床实践中的压力可能会对他们的培训产生负面影响。
了解西班牙某大学护理学生临床实践的压力程度，并确定与实践相关的主要压力源。
2016 年在西班牙阿斯图里亚斯公国奥维耶多的两所护理学院进行的横断面、描述性和观察性研究。
共有 450 名西班牙某大学的护理学生于 2016 年 1 月至 4 月参加了这项研究。制定了一份数据收集表，以跟踪不同的社会人口统计学变量，并与 KEZKAK 问卷一起分发，这是一种经过验证的适用于西班牙护理学生的量表。它由 41 个项目组成，使用 4 点李克特量表，从 0（“一点也不”）到 3（“很多”）评估描述情况对他们的担忧程度。
学生最关心的是与伤害患者和缺乏能力相关的问题。与男性相比，女性认为临床实践更有压力，无论是总体上（p<0.001）还是在问卷中包含的所有个体因素上。此外，“缺乏能力”因素与同时工作（p=0.011）、“接触痛苦”因素与学年（p=0.018）以及“被与患者的关系伤害”因素与年龄组之间存在关联（p=0.013）。
护理学生，尤其是女性，认为临床实践“相当有压力”，主要的压力源是与伤害患者相关的压力源。
