Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan; Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health Psychology, Dalian Medical University, China.
Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Japan.
J Affect Disord. 2018 May;232:1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.01.021. Epub 2018 Feb 1.
The effect of disasters on suicidality is not known. We aimed to retrospectively determine the cumulative incidence of suicidal ideation during the 3 years after the Great East Japan Earthquake among residents in temporary housing without prior suicidal ideation, as compared to the general population. Moreover, we aimed to identify the risk factors for the onset of suicidal ideation.
A cross-sectional survey involving face-to-face interviews was conducted 3 years after the earthquake with adult community residents in disaster-affected areas and a control area using the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview version 3.0. We compared the cumulative incidence of suicidal ideation between the two areas using the Cox proportional hazard model and examined risk factors for the onset of suicidal ideation using a multiple logistic regression analysis.
Among 1019 respondents in the disaster-affected areas, the cumulative incidence of suicidal ideation over 1, 2, and 3 years after the earthquake was 1.4%, 2.4%, and 2.8%, respectively, which was significantly higher than that in the control area. Not being married, being injured in the disaster, and poor subjective physical health were associated with the onset of suicidal ideation.
We estimated the time of onset of suicidal ideation based on the respondents' current age and self-reported onset age, which limits the accuracy of the onset timing.
We revealed a higher incidence of suicidal ideation in temporary housing residents and identified several risk factors, which suggests the importance of developing countermeasures to prevent suicide after a disaster.
灾难对自杀意念的影响尚不清楚。我们旨在回顾性地确定在东日本大地震后 3 年内，与一般人群相比，临时住房中无自杀意念的居民出现自杀意念的累积发生率。此外，我们旨在确定自杀意念发病的危险因素。
在地震发生 3 年后，使用世界卫生组织复合国际诊断访谈第 3.0 版，对受灾地区和对照地区的成年社区居民进行了面对面的横断面调查。我们使用 Cox 比例风险模型比较了两个地区自杀意念的累积发生率，并使用多因素逻辑回归分析检查了自杀意念发病的危险因素。
在受灾地区的 1019 名受访者中，地震后 1、2 和 3 年的自杀意念累积发生率分别为 1.4%、2.4%和 2.8%，明显高于对照区。未婚、在灾难中受伤以及主观身体健康状况较差与自杀意念的发病有关。
我们根据受访者的当前年龄和自我报告的发病年龄估计了自杀意念的发病时间，这限制了发病时间的准确性。
我们揭示了临时住房居民中自杀意念发生率较高，并确定了一些危险因素，这表明在灾难后制定预防自杀的对策的重要性。
