Kumar Ravi S, Hashim Uzma
Department of Psychiatry, Adichunchanagiri Institute of Medical Sciences, Bellur, Karnataka, India.
Department of Psychiatry, 92 Base Hospital, c/o 56 APO, India.
Ind Psychiatry J. 2017 Jan-Jun;26(1):28-33. doi: 10.4103/ipj.ipj_6_17.
Globally, farming as an industry is considered a high-risk occupation for suicides. Certain states in India like Karnataka have a suicide rate higher than the national average, and this is generally attributed to the farmers' suicide.
The aim is to study the characteristics of suicidal attempts among the farmer community in South India, with special emphasis on gender differences, modes used, and the immediate precipitant causes.
Retrospective, case register-based, explorative-descriptive study of 426 consecutive medicolegal case files of patients whose stated occupation was farming and who were admitted as cases of deliberate self-harm or suicide attempt to a rural tertiary care hospital in rural South India.
Out of the 426 farmers who attempted suicide, majority were male (355, 83.3%), in the age group of 21-40 years (318, 75%), married (358, 84%), and belonging to lower socioeconomic status (268, 62.9%). About 54% of them had attempted suicide by consuming pesticides (230). Surprisingly, 183 (43%) and 86 (20.2%) reported the immediate precipitant as being relationship issues and marital conflict, respectively, and only 100 (23.5%) attributed it to financial reasons. Females were significantly associated with a past history of suicidal attempt while males tended to abuse alcohol before an attempt more frequently.
Pesticide poisoning was the most common mode for attempting suicide among the farmers. Contrary to public perception and other studies, relationship, and marital issues, not financial reasons were found to be the most common immediate precipitant for the attempters in our study.
在全球范围内，农业作为一个行业被认为是自杀的高风险职业。印度的某些邦，如卡纳塔克邦，自杀率高于全国平均水平，这通常归因于农民自杀。
旨在研究印度南部农民群体中自杀未遂的特征，特别强调性别差异、使用的方式以及直接诱发原因。
基于病例登记的回顾性探索性描述性研究，研究对象为426例连续的法医学病例档案，这些患者自述职业为农民，因故意自残或自杀未遂被收治到印度南部农村的一家农村三级护理医院。
在426例自杀未遂的农民中，大多数为男性（355例，83.3%），年龄在21 - 40岁之间（318例, 75%），已婚（358例, 84%），且社会经济地位较低（268例, 62.9%）。其中约54%的人通过服用农药自杀（230例）。令人惊讶的是，分别有183例（43%）和86例（20.2%）报告直接诱发原因是关系问题和婚姻冲突，只有100例（23.5%）将其归因于经济原因。女性与既往自杀未遂史显著相关，而男性在自杀未遂前更频繁地酗酒。
农药中毒是农民自杀未遂最常见的方式。与公众认知和其他研究相反，在我们的研究中，关系和婚姻问题而非经济原因是自杀未遂者最常见的直接诱发因素。
