Liu Yuan, Gao Jialiang, Peng Min, Meng Hongyan, Ma Hongbo, Cai Pingping, Xu Yuan, Zhao Qiong, Si Guomin
Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China.
School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.
Front Pharmacol. 2018 Feb 2;9:24. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00024. eCollection 2018.
(also known as ), the dried rhizome of Blume, is a famous Chinese herb that has been traditionally used for the treatment of headache, dizziness, spasm, epilepsy, stoke, amnesia and other disorders for centuries. Gastrodin, a phenolic glycoside, is the main bioactive constituent of . Since identified in 1978, gastrodin has been extensively investigated on its pharmacological properties. In this article, we reviewed the central nervous system (CNS) effects of gastrodin in preclinical models of CNS disorders including epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, affective disorders, cerebral ischemia/reperfusion, cognitive impairment as well as the underlying mechanisms involved and, where possible, clinical data that support the pharmacological activities. The sources and pharmacokinetics of gastrodin were also reviewed here. As a result, gastrodin possesses a broad range of beneficial effects on the above-mentioned CNS diseases, and the mechanisms of actions include modulating neurotransmitters, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, suppressing microglial activation, regulating mitochondrial cascades, up-regulating neurotrophins, etc. However, more detailed clinical trials are still in need for positioning it in the treatment of neurological disorders.
（又称 ），天麻的干燥根茎，是一种著名的中药材，几个世纪以来一直传统用于治疗头痛、头晕、痉挛、癫痫、中风、失忆及其他病症。天麻素，一种酚苷，是天麻的主要生物活性成分。自1978年被鉴定以来，天麻素已对其药理特性进行了广泛研究。在本文中，我们综述了天麻素在包括癫痫、阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、情感障碍、脑缺血/再灌注、认知障碍等中枢神经系统疾病临床前模型中的中枢神经系统（CNS）效应，以及涉及的潜在机制，并在可能的情况下综述了支持其药理活性的临床数据。本文还综述了天麻素的来源和药代动力学。结果表明，天麻素对上述中枢神经系统疾病具有广泛的有益作用，其作用机制包括调节神经递质、抗氧化、抗炎、抑制小胶质细胞活化、调节线粒体级联反应、上调神经营养因子等。然而，仍需要更详细的临床试验来确定其在神经系统疾病治疗中的地位。
