Qin Wenxiu, Du Jianqiang, Wang Feng, Xu Junfeng
Acupuncture Department, The First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
Acupuncture Department, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China.
Front Pharmacol. 2025 May 19;16:1554170. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1554170. eCollection 2025.
Gastrodin is the main bioactive metabolite of Gastrodia elata Blume of traditional Chinese medicine, which has pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, neuroprotective, vasoprotective, hypoglycemic, lipotropic, analgesic, anticancer, antiviral and so on, and it has been widely used in the treatment of a wide range of diseases, especially neurological disorders.
Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) is defined as transient or permanent ischemia of brain tissue that is further exacerbated by restoration of blood supply. Due to the complexity of the pathological processes of CIRI, current treatments have not shown the expected effects. More and more researchers are beginning to turn their focus on combating CIRI to natural metabolites derived from botanical drugs. This review provides an overview of the progress of research on the chemical composition, pharmacokinetics, safety, and pharmacological effects of Gastrodin in the treatment of CIRI. It aims to emphasize the important pharmacological effects and mechanisms of Gastrodin in the prevention and treatment of CIRI, and to provide reference for further drug research and development, as well as the future application of Gastrodin in CIRI.
A systematic literature search was conducted using keywords such as "Gastrodin," "traditional Chinese medicine," "chemical components," "metabolites," "cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury," "CIRI," and "pharmacological effects" to identify relevant literature published from the establishment of the database to January 2025. Databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and CNKI were utilized. Raw data were included in clinical trials and animal experiments. Other studies, such as reviews and systematic evaluations, were excluded.
GAS can prevent and treat cerebral ischemia/reperfusion-induced neurological injury by regulating a variety of molecular signals, exerting pharmacological effects such as anti-oxidative stress, inhibition of inflammatory response, inhibition of cell death, modulation of neurotransmitters, alleviation of neurotoxicity, promotion of neural repair, protection of the blood-brain barrier, and alleviation of cerebral edema, making it a potential natural metabolite for the effective treatment of CIRI.
Gastrodin has significant value in the treatment of CIRI and there is extensive evidence to support its use in CIRI. Further research and clinical exploration of Gastrodin is necessary to fully utilize its therapeutic potential.
天麻素是传统中药天麻的主要生物活性代谢产物，具有抗炎、抗氧化、神经保护、血管保护、降血糖、降脂、镇痛、抗癌、抗病毒等药理作用，已广泛应用于多种疾病的治疗，尤其是神经系统疾病。
脑缺血再灌注损伤（CIRI）定义为脑组织的短暂或永久性缺血，随后因血液供应恢复而进一步加重。由于CIRI病理过程的复杂性，目前的治疗方法尚未显示出预期效果。越来越多的研究人员开始将重点转向从植物药中提取的天然代谢产物来对抗CIRI。本综述概述了天麻素在治疗CIRI方面的化学成分、药代动力学、安全性和药理作用的研究进展。旨在强调天麻素在预防和治疗CIRI中的重要药理作用和机制，为进一步的药物研发以及天麻素在CIRI中的未来应用提供参考。
使用“天麻素”、“传统中药”、“化学成分”、“代谢产物”、“脑缺血再灌注损伤”、“CIRI”和“药理作用”等关键词进行系统的文献检索，以识别从数据库建立到2025年1月发表的相关文献。使用了包括PubMed、Web of Science、谷歌学术和中国知网在内的数据库。原始数据包括临床试验和动物实验。排除其他研究，如综述和系统评价。
天麻素可通过调节多种分子信号来预防和治疗脑缺血/再灌注引起的神经损伤，发挥抗氧化应激、抑制炎症反应、抑制细胞死亡、调节神经递质、减轻神经毒性、促进神经修复、保护血脑屏障和减轻脑水肿等药理作用，使其成为有效治疗CIRI的潜在天然代谢产物。
天麻素在治疗CIRI方面具有重要价值，并且有大量证据支持其在CIRI中的应用。有必要对天麻素进行进一步的研究和临床探索，以充分发挥其治疗潜力。
