Caldas Ivete F R, Garotti Marilice F, Shiramizu Victor K M, Pereira Antonio
Graduate Program in Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém, Brazil.
Graduate Program for Research and Theory of Behavior, Institute of Human Sciences, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém, Brazil.
Front Psychol. 2018 Feb 2;9:43. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00043. eCollection 2018.
Humans are born completely dependent on adult care for survival. To get the necessary support, newborns rely on socio-communicative abilities which have both innate and learned components. Maternal responsiveness (MR), as a critical aspect of mother-infant interaction, is a robust predictor of the acquisition of socio-communicative abilities. However, maternal responsiveness (MR) is influenced by parity, since mothers rely on a limited capacity of cognitive control for efficient attachment with their offspring. This fact is of particular concern for preterms, whose developing brain already faces many challenges due to their premature emergence from the womb's controlled environment and may still have to compete with siblings for mother's attention. Thus, in the present work, we aimed to understand how parity interferes with MR and whether it affects the development of socio-communicative abilities of preterm infants. We used the Social Interaction Rating Scale (SIRS) and the mother-child observation protocol in 18 dyads with gestational age <36 weeks. Dyads were separated into three groups: primiparous with twin pregnancy (TPM), primiparous (PM), and multiparous (MP). Dyadic behavior was evaluated at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. Our results show that offspring size affects MR, but not the socio-communicative development of preterm infants during the first year, suggesting a level of resilience of brain systems supporting the attachment to caregivers.
人类出生时完全依赖成人照料才能生存。为了获得必要的支持，新生儿依赖于具有先天和后天习得成分的社会交往能力。作为母婴互动的一个关键方面，母亲的反应性（MR）是社会交往能力习得的一个有力预测指标。然而，母亲的反应性（MR）会受到胎次的影响，因为母亲们依靠有限的认知控制能力来与后代建立有效的依恋关系。这一事实对于早产儿来说尤为值得关注，他们发育中的大脑已经由于过早离开子宫的受控环境而面临诸多挑战，而且可能仍需与兄弟姐妹争夺母亲的关注。因此，在本研究中，我们旨在了解胎次如何干扰母亲的反应性，以及它是否会影响早产儿社会交往能力的发展。我们对18对孕周<36周的母婴使用了社会互动评定量表（SIRS）和母子观察方案。母婴对被分为三组：双胎初产（TPM）、初产（PM）和经产（MP）。在3个月、6个月、9个月和12个月时对母婴对的行为进行了评估。我们的结果表明，后代数量会影响母亲的反应性，但在第一年不会影响早产儿的社会交往发展，这表明支持与照料者建立依恋关系的大脑系统具有一定的恢复能力。
