1 New York University, New York City, USA.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2018 Jun;44(6):899-913. doi: 10.1177/0146167217754192. Epub 2018 Feb 19.
University students often experience high levels of stress and, in some cases, the stress leads to tragic outcomes. An important question is whether roommates can perceive the level and change in distress in their peers. We examined self- and other-reports of 187 same-sex undergraduate dyads at two times in a spring semester. Using the truth and bias model, we found that roommates tended to underestimate their partner's distress at both time points, and that ratings were equally influenced by truth and self-focus bias forces. For change, however, there was no evidence of directional (average) bias, and perceived change was only significantly related to the truth force. There were no consistent moderation effects by closeness or gender. These findings are interpreted in the context of person perception theory and the practical need for early warning about extreme distress in college students.
大学生经常面临高强度的压力，在某些情况下，这种压力会导致悲剧性的后果。一个重要的问题是，室友是否能够感知到同伴的压力水平和变化。我们在一个春季学期的两个时间点检查了 187 对同性本科生的自我报告和他人报告。使用真实和偏见模型，我们发现室友往往在两个时间点都低估了他们伴侣的痛苦，而且评分同样受到真实和自我关注偏见的影响。然而，对于变化，没有证据表明存在方向（平均）偏差，感知变化仅与真实力显著相关。亲密程度或性别没有一致的调节作用。这些发现是在个体感知理论和大学生极端痛苦预警的实际需求的背景下解释的。
