Universidad Católica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain.
Sleep Med. 2018 Feb;42:90-96. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2017.08.026. Epub 2017 Oct 23.
Sleep assessment is a fundamental part of health evaluation. In fact, many diseases (such as obesity, diabetes, or hypertension, as well as psychiatric, neurological, and cardiovascular diseases) produce sleep disorders that are often used as indicators, diagnosis (symptoms), or even as predictors (eg, for depression) of health. For this reason, many efforts have been devoted to designing methods to control and report on sleep quality. Two of the most used sleep assessment tools are sleep questionnaires and sleep diaries. Both methods have a very low cost are easy to administer do not require a sleep centre (unlike, eg, polysomnography), and can be self-administered. Most important, as it has been shown in recent studies, their accuracy is relatively high. In this survey, we systematically review and compare these tools. We examine the evolution of sleep questionnaires and diaries over time, and compare their structure and usage. We also review the validation studies and comparatives performed in previous studies. This allows us to compare the relative sensitivities and specificities of these methods. Modern sleep diaries come in the form of an app. Therefore, we also present the most advanced and used apps, and discuss their advantages over classical paper diaries.
睡眠评估是健康评估的基本组成部分。事实上，许多疾病（如肥胖、糖尿病或高血压，以及精神、神经和心血管疾病）会导致睡眠障碍，这些障碍常常被用作健康的指标、诊断（症状），甚至预测（如抑郁症）。出于这个原因，许多人致力于设计控制和报告睡眠质量的方法。最常用的两种睡眠评估工具是睡眠问卷和睡眠日记。这两种方法的成本都非常低，易于管理，不需要睡眠中心（与多导睡眠图不同），并且可以自行管理。最重要的是，正如最近的研究表明的那样，它们的准确性相对较高。在这项调查中，我们系统地回顾和比较了这些工具。我们研究了睡眠问卷和日记随时间的演变，并比较了它们的结构和用途。我们还回顾了之前研究中进行的验证研究和比较。这使我们能够比较这些方法的相对敏感性和特异性。现代睡眠日记以应用程序的形式出现。因此，我们还介绍了最先进和最常用的应用程序，并讨论了它们相对于传统纸质日记的优势。
