National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Epidemiology Branch, 6710B Rockledge Drive, MSC 7004, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Epidemiology Branch, 6710B Rockledge Drive, MSC 7004, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Department of Public Health, School of Social Sciences, Humanities and Arts, University of California, Merced, CA 95343, USA.
Environ Res. 2018 May;163:228-236. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.02.004. Epub 2018 Feb 22.
Ambient air pollution is associated with systemic increases in oxidative stress, to which sperm are particularly sensitive. Although decrements in semen quality represent a key mechanism for impaired fecundability, prior research has not established a clear association between air pollution and semen quality. To address this, we evaluated the association between ambient air pollution and semen quality among men with moderate air pollution exposure.
Of 501 couples in the LIFE study, 467 male partners provided one or more semen samples. Average residential exposure to criteria air pollutants and fine particle constituents in the 72 days before ejaculation was estimated using modified Community Multiscale Air Quality models. Generalized estimating equation models estimated the association between air pollutants and semen quality parameters (volume, count, percent hypo-osmotic swollen, motility, sperm head, morphology and sperm chromatin parameters). Models adjusted for age, body mass index, smoking and season.
Most associations between air pollutants and semen parameters were small. However, associations were observed for an interquartile increase in fine particulates ≤2.5 µm and decreased sperm head size, including -0.22 (95% CI -0.34, -0.11) µm for area, -0.06 (95% CI -0.09, -0.03) µm for length and -0.09 (95% CI -0.19, -0.06) µm for perimeter. Fine particulates were also associated with 1.03 (95% CI 0.40, 1.66) greater percent sperm head with acrosome.
Air pollution exposure was not associated with semen quality, except for sperm head parameters. Moderate levels of ambient air pollution may not be a major contributor to semen quality.
环境空气污染与全身氧化应激增加有关，而精子对氧化应激特别敏感。尽管精液质量下降代表了生育能力受损的一个关键机制，但先前的研究并未确定空气污染与精液质量之间的明确关联。为了解决这个问题，我们评估了中度空气污染暴露男性的环境空气污染与精液质量之间的关系。
在 LIFE 研究中，501 对夫妇中有 467 名男性伴侣提供了一个或多个精液样本。在射精前的 72 天内，使用改良的社区多尺度空气质量模型估算了住宅环境中空气污染物和细颗粒成分的平均暴露量。广义估计方程模型估计了空气污染物与精液质量参数（体积、计数、低渗肿胀百分比、活力、精子头、形态和精子染色质参数）之间的关系。模型调整了年龄、体重指数、吸烟和季节。
大多数空气污染物与精液参数之间的关联很小。然而，在细颗粒物≤2.5 µm 的四分位距增加与精子头大小减小之间观察到了关联，包括面积减少-0.22 µm（95%置信区间 -0.34，-0.11）、长度减少-0.06 µm（95%置信区间 -0.09，-0.03）和周长减少-0.09 µm（95%置信区间 -0.19，-0.06）。细颗粒物还与 1.03%（95%置信区间 0.40，1.66）更大的精子头具有顶体的百分比相关。
除了精子头参数外，空气污染暴露与精液质量无关。环境中中等水平的空气污染可能不是精液质量的主要贡献者。
