ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia.
College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia.
Glob Chang Biol. 2018 Jun;24(6):2585-2596. doi: 10.1111/gcb.14098. Epub 2018 Mar 23.
There is increasing evidence that projected near-future carbon dioxide (CO ) levels can alter predator avoidance behaviour in marine invertebrates, yet little is known about the possible effects on predatory behaviours. Here we tested the effects of elevated CO on the predatory behaviours of two ecologically distinct cephalopod species, the pygmy squid, Idiosepius pygmaeus, and the bigfin reef squid, Sepioteuthis lessoniana. Both species exhibited an increased latency to attack and altered body pattern choice during the attack sequence at elevated CO . I. pygmaeus also exhibited a 20% decrease in predation rate, an increased striking distance, and reduced preference for attacking the posterior end of prey at elevated CO . Elevated CO increased activity levels of S. lessoniana comparable to those previously shown in I. pygmaeus, which could adversely affect their energy budget and increase their potential to be preyed upon. The effects of elevated CO on predatory behaviours, predation strategies and activity levels of cephalopods reported here could have far-reaching consequences in marine ecosystems due to the ecological importance of cephalopods in the marine food web.
越来越多的证据表明，预计未来的二氧化碳 (CO ) 水平会改变海洋无脊椎动物的捕食回避行为，但对于其对捕食行为可能产生的影响却知之甚少。在这里，我们测试了升高的 CO 对两种生态上截然不同的头足类动物的捕食行为的影响，即矮鱿鱼 Idiosepius pygmaeus 和大鳍鱿鱼 Sepioteuthis lessoniana。在升高的 CO 条件下，这两种物种在攻击序列中表现出攻击潜伏期增加和身体图案选择改变。I. pygmaeus 的捕食率也下降了 20%，攻击距离增加，对攻击猎物后端的偏好降低。升高的 CO 增加了 S. lessoniana 的活动水平，与之前在 I. pygmaeus 中观察到的水平相当，这可能会对它们的能量预算产生不利影响，并增加它们被捕食的可能性。由于头足类动物在海洋食物网中的重要生态地位，本研究中报告的升高的 CO 对头足类动物捕食行为、捕食策略和活动水平的影响可能会对海洋生态系统产生深远的影响。
