Otjacques E, Paula J R, Ruby E G, Xavier J C, McFall-Ngai M J, Rosa R, Schunter C
MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, Laboratório Marítimo da Guia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Cascais, Portugal.
Carnegie Science, Division of Biosphere Sciences and Engineering, Church Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 1200 Pasadena, CA, United States.
bioRxiv. 2024 Nov 2:2024.10.31.621237. doi: 10.1101/2024.10.31.621237.
Cephalopods play a central ecological role across all oceans and realms. However, under the current climate crisis, their physiology and behaviour are impacted, and we are beginning to comprehend the effects of environmental stressors at a molecular level. Here, we study the Hawaiian bobtail squid (), known for its specific binary symbiosis with the bioluminescent bacterium acquired post-hatching. We aim to understand the response (i.e., developmental and molecular) of after the embryogenetic exposure to different conditions: i) standard conditions (control), ii) increased CO (ΔpH 0.4 units), iii) warming (+3°C), or iv) a combination of the two treatments. We observed a decrease in hatching success across all treatments relative to the control. Using transcriptomics, we identified a potential trade-off in favour of metabolism and energy production, at the expense of development under increased CO. In contrast, elevated temperature shortened the developmental time and, at a molecular level, showed signs of alternative splicing and the potential for RNA editing. The data also suggest that the initiation of the symbiosis may be negatively affected by these environmental drivers of change in the biosphere, although coping mechanisms by the animal may occur.
头足类动物在所有海洋和区域中都扮演着核心的生态角色。然而，在当前的气候危机下，它们的生理和行为受到了影响，并且我们开始在分子水平上理解环境压力源的影响。在这里，我们研究夏威夷短尾乌贼，它以孵化后与发光细菌形成特定的二元共生关系而闻名。我们旨在了解胚胎在经历不同条件后的反应（即发育和分子水平的反应）：i）标准条件（对照），ii）二氧化碳增加（pH值下降0.4个单位），iii）升温（+3°C），或iv）两种处理的组合。我们观察到，与对照相比，所有处理下的孵化成功率都有所下降。通过转录组学，我们发现了一种潜在的权衡，即在二氧化碳增加的情况下，有利于新陈代谢和能量产生，但以发育为代价。相比之下，温度升高缩短了发育时间，并且在分子水平上显示出可变剪接的迹象以及RNA编辑的可能性。数据还表明，共生关系的启动可能会受到生物圈中这些环境变化驱动因素的负面影响，尽管动物可能会出现应对机制。
