Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Ontogeny and Functional Specialization, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark 927, 9052 Gent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052 Gent, Belgium.
Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Ontogeny and Functional Specialization, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark 927, 9052 Gent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052 Gent, Belgium.
Cell Immunol. 2018 Aug;330:43-53. doi: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2018.02.005. Epub 2018 Feb 13.
Tissue-resident macrophages form an essential part of the first line of defense in all tissues of the body. Next to their immunological role, they play an important role in maintaining tissue homeostasis. Recently, it was shown that they are primarily of embryonic origin. During embryogenesis, precursors originating in the yolk sac and fetal liver colonize the embryonal tissues where they develop into mature tissue-resident macrophages. Their development is governed by two distinct sets of transcription factors. First, in the pre-macrophage stage, a core macrophage program is established by lineage-determining transcription factors. Under the influence of tissue-specific signals, this core program is refined by signal-dependent transcription factors. This nurturing by the niche allows the macrophages to perform tissue-specific functions. In the last 15 years, some of these niche signals and transcription factors have been identified. However, detailed insight in the exact mechanism of development is still lacking.
组织驻留巨噬细胞构成了机体所有组织中第一道防线的重要组成部分。除了它们的免疫作用外，它们在维持组织稳态方面也起着重要作用。最近的研究表明，它们主要来源于胚胎。在胚胎发生过程中，源自卵黄囊和胎儿肝脏的前体细胞定植于胚胎组织中，并发育为成熟的组织驻留巨噬细胞。它们的发育受两组不同的转录因子调控。首先，在巨噬细胞前体细胞阶段，由谱系决定转录因子建立了一个核心巨噬细胞程序。在组织特异性信号的影响下，这种核心程序通过信号依赖性转录因子进行精细化调整。这种龛位的滋养使巨噬细胞能够发挥组织特异性功能。在过去的 15 年中，已经鉴定出其中一些龛位信号和转录因子。然而，对于确切的发育机制仍缺乏详细的了解。
