Centre for Exercise and Sport Science Research, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2018 May;118(5):947-957. doi: 10.1007/s00421-018-3826-y. Epub 2018 Feb 20.
This study compared cardio-pulmonary responses between incremental concentric and eccentric cycling tests, and examined factors affecting the maximal eccentric cycling capacity.
On separate days, nine men and two women (32.6 ± 9.4 years) performed an upright seated concentric (CON) and an eccentric (ECC) cycling test, which started at 75 W and increased 25 W min until task failure. Gas exchange, heart rate (HR) and power output were continuously recorded during the tests. Participants also performed maximal voluntary contractions of the quadriceps (MVC), squat and countermovement jumps.
Peak power output was 53% greater (P < 0.001, g = 1.77) for ECC (449 ± 115 W) than CON (294 ± 61 W), but peak oxygen consumption was 43% lower (P < 0.001, g = 2.18) for ECC (30.6 ± 5.6 ml kg min) than CON (43.9 ± 6.9 ml kg min). Maximal HR was not different between ECC (175 ± 20 bpm) and CON (182 ± 13 bpm), but the increase in HR relative to oxygen consumption was 33% greater (P = 0.01) during ECC than CON. Moderate to strong correlations (P < 0.05) were observed between ECC peak power output and CON peak power (r = 0.84), peak oxygen consumption (r = 0.54) and MVC (r = 0.53), while no significant relationships were observed between ECC peak power output and squat as well as countermovement jump heights.
Unexpectedly, maximal HR was similar between CON and ECC. Although ECC power output can be predicted from CON peak power output, an incremental eccentric cycling test performed after 3-6 familiarisation sessions may be useful in programming ECC training with healthy and accustomed individuals.
本研究比较了递增向心和离心自行车测试的心肺反应，并研究了影响最大离心自行车能力的因素。
在不同的日子里，9 名男性和 2 名女性（32.6±9.4 岁）进行了直立坐姿向心（CON）和离心（ECC）自行车测试，起始功率为 75W，并以 25W/min 的速度递增，直到任务失败。在测试过程中，连续记录气体交换、心率（HR）和功率输出。参与者还进行了股四头肌最大自主收缩（MVC）、深蹲和反向跳跃测试。
ECC 的峰值功率输出（449±115W）比 CON（294±61W）高 53%（P<0.001，g=1.77），但 ECC 的峰值耗氧量（30.6±5.6ml/kg/min）比 CON（43.9±6.9ml/kg/min）低 43%（P<0.001，g=2.18）。ECC 的最大 HR（175±20bpm）与 CON（182±13bpm）无差异，但 ECC 时 HR 相对于耗氧量的增加比 CON 高 33%（P=0.01）。ECC 峰值功率输出与 CON 峰值功率（r=0.84）、峰值耗氧量（r=0.54）和 MVC（r=0.53）之间存在中度到高度相关（P<0.05），但 ECC 峰值功率输出与深蹲和反向跳跃高度之间没有显著关系。
出乎意料的是，CON 和 ECC 的最大 HR 相似。虽然 ECC 的功率输出可以从 CON 的峰值功率输出预测，但在 3-6 次熟悉训练后进行递增离心自行车测试可能有助于为健康和习惯的个体制定 ECC 训练计划。
