Arinze-Onyia S U, Ndu A C, Aguwa E N, Modebe I, Nwamoh U N
Department of Community Medicine, Enugu State University College of Medicine, Enugu, Nigeria.
Department of Community Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu, Nigeria.
Niger J Clin Pract. 2018 Feb;21(2):149-155. doi: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_69_17.
Standard precautions (SPs) are crucial in protecting both health-care workers (HCWs) and patients from nosocomial infections. This study assessed the knowledge and practices of SP among HCWs in tertiary health-care facilities.
: This descriptive study was done in October 2014 among 629 HCWs at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu State. A pretested questionnaire was used and analysis done using SPSS version 13.
The HCWs studied were 629, mostly females (64.4%), married (62.3%), Christians (94%), and within 20-59 years. Majority were nurses (46.1%) working in the wards. Over 90% of respondents had heard of SP, mainly from formal training (62%). Over 70% could define SP, 74.6% had knowledge of when SP is needed and> 70% identified most components of SP. Over 90% agreed that SPs are useful and that employers should provide SP training. Most respondents washed hands after removal of gloves (73.6%) and before leaving patient's care area (33.1%). More than 70% had been exposed to patient's body fluids and washed the exposed part with water, soap, and disinfectant (52.1%). Gloves were the most commonly used personal protective equipment (PPE) (53.4%) and the major reason for inconsistent use was irregular access (57.7%). Over 50% recap needles before discarding. Exposure to patients' serum was significantly higher among doctors and nurses P < 0.05, while the use of PPEs was highest among the laboratory scientists (82.4%). Those who were trained on SP (70.8%) and PPE (69.7) were significantly more likely to use PPEs, P < 0.05.
SP training and regular provision of PPEs are vital in compliance to SP.
标准预防措施（SPs）对于保护医护人员（HCWs）和患者免受医院感染至关重要。本研究评估了三级医疗机构中医护人员对标准预防措施的知识和实践情况。
2014年10月，在尼日利亚大学教学医院（位于埃努古州伊图库-奥扎拉）对629名医护人员进行了这项描述性研究。使用了预先测试的问卷，并使用SPSS 13版进行分析。
参与研究的医护人员有629名，大多数为女性（64.4%）、已婚（62.3%）、基督教徒（94%），年龄在20 - 59岁之间。多数是在病房工作的护士（46.1%）。超过90%的受访者听说过标准预防措施，主要来自正规培训（62%）。超过70%的人能够定义标准预防措施，74.6%的人知道何时需要采取标准预防措施，超过70%的人识别出标准预防措施的大部分组成部分。超过90%的人认为标准预防措施有用，且雇主应提供标准预防措施培训。大多数受访者在摘除手套后洗手（73.6%），在离开患者护理区域前洗手（33.1%）。超过70%的人接触过患者的体液，并用水、肥皂和消毒剂清洗暴露部位（52.1%）。手套是最常用的个人防护装备（PPE）（53.4%），使用不一致的主要原因是获取不规律（57.7%）。超过50%的人在丢弃前重新盖帽针头。医生和护士接触患者血清的情况显著更高（P < 0.05），而实验室科学家使用个人防护装备的比例最高（82.4%）。接受过标准预防措施培训（70.8%）和个人防护装备培训（69.7%）的人使用个人防护装备的可能性显著更高（P < 0.05）。
标准预防措施培训和定期提供个人防护装备对于遵守标准预防措施至关重要。
