Fachbereich Chemie and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für, Materialwissenschaften der Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, D-35043, Marburg, Germany.
Chemistry. 2018 Jun 18;24(34):8470-8490. doi: 10.1002/chem.201704904. Epub 2018 Apr 14.
This review article provides a survey of contemporary investigations on main group metal cluster formation, addressing homo- and heterometallic clusters (including small numbers of transition metal atoms), with or without an external ligand shell, thereby excluding clusters with non-metal atoms as bridging ligands. Most of the studies reflected herein represent insights into the formation of intermediates from the starting material, or the final cluster formation from established intermediates. In rare cases, the entire process was suggested as a result of comprehensive, multi-method elucidations. The article is to be understood as a state-of-the-art report, as the subject matter is currently a rising field of research, which is still in its infancy, despite some early activities that date back to the 1980s. At the same time, the article intends to point toward both the importance and the feasibility of according studies, in order to encourage researchers to gain even more knowledge in this field. Only deep understanding of cluster formation will allow for design, and ultimately control, of their syntheses, with the long-term goal of their optimization and purposeful application in catalysis or novel material synthesis.
这篇综述文章对主族金属簇合物的形成进行了调查，涉及同核和异核簇合物（包括少量过渡金属原子），有无外部配体壳，因此不包括具有非金属原子作为桥联配体的簇合物。本文所反映的大多数研究都代表了对起始材料中间体形成或从已建立的中间体最终形成簇合物的深入了解。在极少数情况下，由于全面的、多方法的阐明，整个过程被提出来了。本文应被理解为一篇最新的报告，因为这一主题目前是一个正在兴起的研究领域，尽管早在 20 世纪 80 年代就有一些早期的活动，但它仍处于起步阶段。同时，本文旨在指出这方面研究的重要性和可行性，以鼓励研究人员在这一领域获得更多的知识。只有深入了解簇合物的形成，才能对其合成进行设计，并最终进行控制，从而实现其优化，并在催化或新型材料合成中进行有目的的应用。
