Faculty of Medicine, Family Medicine, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Psychology Department, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Psychooncology. 2018 Apr;27(4):1277-1283. doi: 10.1002/pon.4667. Epub 2018 Mar 1.
Research examining the relationship between metacognitions and cancer has only recently begun to emerge. This study attempted to compare the metacognitions of the patients with and without cancer. The effects of stage of cancer, type of cancer, and treatment modality (chemotherapy, radiotherapy, operation) on metacognitions were investigated. Patients with cancer were hypothesized to have higher levels of negative metacognitions.
Participants were patients with cancer (N = 279) and patients without cancer (control group, N = 212). The Metacognition Questionnaire-30 was administered to all participants. Results were analyzed according to demographic and histopathological characteristics of the patients.
The results showed that patients with different cancer diagnoses scored higher than the controls on all subscales of the MCQ-30. Those who received chemotherapy scored the highest on the MCQ-30. The patients who were in early stages of cancer had higher levels of negative metacognitions. Patients who did not have operation but had chemotherapy had the highest levels of negative metacognitions. Patients who were in locally advanced stage, did not have operation but had received or was receiving chemotherapy had the highest levels of negative metacognitions.
Patients who were in early stages of cancer appeared to be in greater need for psychological help and access to services. Findings indicated a need for psychological support for patients who undergo chemotherapy.
研究元认知与癌症之间关系的工作最近才开始出现。本研究试图比较癌症患者和非癌症患者的元认知。调查了癌症的分期、癌症的类型和治疗方式（化疗、放疗、手术）对元认知的影响。假设癌症患者的消极元认知水平更高。
参与者为癌症患者（N=279）和非癌症患者（对照组，N=212）。所有参与者都接受了元认知问卷-30 的测试。根据患者的人口统计学和组织病理学特征对结果进行了分析。
结果表明，不同癌症诊断的患者在 MCQ-30 的所有子量表上的得分均高于对照组。接受化疗的患者在 MCQ-30 上的得分最高。处于癌症早期阶段的患者有更高水平的消极元认知。未接受手术但接受化疗的患者有最高水平的消极元认知。处于局部晚期、未接受手术但接受或正在接受化疗的患者有最高水平的消极元认知。
处于癌症早期阶段的患者似乎更需要心理帮助和获得服务。研究结果表明，接受化疗的患者需要心理支持。
