乳腺癌女性的主观和个人特征：疾病风险和病程的因子模型。
Subjective and Personal Characteristics of Women with Breast Cancer: A Factorial Model of Disease Risks and the Course of Disease.
机构信息
Psychology Faculty, National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia.
Psychology and Pedagogy, Chelyabinsk State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia.
出版信息
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2023 Nov 1;24(11):3931-3938. doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2023.24.11.3931.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to evaluate psychological factors influencing the incidence of breast cancer in women.
METHODS
Basic beliefs, coping strategies, hardiness, subjective control, personal helplessness and independence were studied in 184 women, of which 80 women diagnosed with breast cancer, 104 women without a cancer diagnosis. All study participants completed psychodiagnostic methods and sociodemographic questionnaires. First, we analyzed differences in the psychological characteristics of women depending on the presence of an oncological diagnosis (F - Fisher's test). Second, we conducted factor analysis (principal component analysis with Varimax with Kaiser Normalization) to obtain psychological risk factors for breast cancer in women.
RESULTS
Distinctive psychological characteristics of women with breast cancer have been discovered. Women with breast cancer underestimate their worth and importance (p=0.021), as well as their luck (p=0.006) and the ability to control events in their lives (p=0.019). Women with breast cancer are very independent (arrogance) (p=0.000), rarely use confrontation-type coping (p=0.05), positive reappraisal (p=0.05), and planful problem-solving (p=0.035). Women diagnosed with breast cancer have an external locus of control (p=0.002), and are low hardiness (p=0.029). The listed features that distinguish women with breast cancer from cancer-free women were considered as probabilistic psychological risk factors for breast cancer. As a result of factor analysis, a model was obtained that included psychological factors associated with breast cancer in women: Independence (arrogance) (28.88% of variance), Belief system (24.83% of variance), Maladaptive coping (20.17% of variance).
CONCLUSIONS
Extreme independence, beliefs about one's failure, insignificance and inability to control life, as well as maladaptive coping are probabilistic psychological risk factors for breast cancer among Russian women.
目的
本研究旨在评估影响女性乳腺癌发病的心理因素。
方法
在 184 名女性中研究了基本信念、应对策略、坚韧、主观控制、个人无助和独立性，其中 80 名女性被诊断患有乳腺癌，104 名女性未被诊断患有癌症。所有研究参与者均完成了心理诊断方法和社会人口学问卷。首先，我们分析了存在肿瘤诊断的女性在心理特征上的差异（F- Fisher 检验）。其次，我们进行了因子分析（主成分分析与 Varimax 与 Kaiser 标准化），以获得女性乳腺癌的心理危险因素。
结果
发现了乳腺癌女性的独特心理特征。乳腺癌女性低估了自己的价值和重要性（p=0.021），以及自己的运气（p=0.006）和对生活中事件的控制能力（p=0.019）。乳腺癌女性非常独立（傲慢）（p=0.000），很少使用对抗型应对（p=0.05）、积极的重新评价（p=0.05）和有计划的解决问题（p=0.035）。被诊断患有乳腺癌的女性具有外部控制点（p=0.002），且坚韧程度较低（p=0.029）。将这些特征与未患癌症的女性进行区分，这些特征被认为是乳腺癌的概率心理危险因素。通过因子分析，得到了一个包含女性乳腺癌相关心理因素的模型：独立性（傲慢）（28.88%的方差）、信念系统（24.83%的方差）、适应不良应对（20.17%的方差）。
结论
极端独立、对失败、不重要和无法控制生活的信念，以及适应不良的应对是俄罗斯女性乳腺癌的概率心理危险因素。
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