Pirogov Russian National Medical University, The Russian Clinical Research Center for Gerontology, Moscow, Russia.
Neurology Department, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.
Clin Interv Aging. 2018 Feb 9;13:251-259. doi: 10.2147/CIA.S153389. eCollection 2018.
Geriatric syndromes (GSs) are common in older adults and have a significant effect on their quality of life, disability, and use of health care resources. Few studies have assessed the prevalence of GSs in Russia. The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of GSs among older adults living in the community in Moscow.
A cross-sectional study was conducted in four community clinics in Moscow. A total of 1,220 patients completed a screening questionnaire, and 356 of them also underwent a comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA).
The mean age of the 1,220 participants was 74.9±6.1 years; 75.5% were women. Based on the questionnaire, 58.3% reported visual or hearing impairment, 58.2% cognitive impairment, 46% mood disorder, 42% difficulty walking, 28.3% urinary incontinence, 21.3% traumatic falls (over the previous year), and 12.2% weight loss. The mean number of GSs per patient was 2.9±1.5. Based on CGA, a decline in Instrumental Activity of Daily Living score was identified in 34.8% of the patients, a risk of malnutrition (Mini-Nutritional Assessment score, 17-23.5) in 25.8%, probable cognitive impairment (Mini-Mental State Examination score <25) in 8.6%, and symptoms of depression (15-item Geriatric Depression Scale score >5) in 36.2%. On the whole, patients demonstrated good mobility (average walking speed, 1±0.2 m/s) and hand grip strength (23.9±6.4 kg in women and 39.1±8.3 kg in men), but poor balance (only 39.4% were able to maintain their balance on one leg for 10 s or more).
The results of this study demonstrate a high prevalence of GSs among community-dwelling people aged 65 years and older in Moscow. The results provide a better understanding of the needs of older adults in Russia and can facilitate planning for medical and social assistance for this population.
老年综合征（GSs）在老年人中很常见，对其生活质量、残疾和卫生资源利用有重大影响。很少有研究评估俄罗斯 GSs 的流行率。本研究旨在评估莫斯科社区老年人 GSs 的流行率。
在莫斯科的四家社区诊所进行了一项横断面研究。共有 1220 名患者完成了筛查问卷，其中 356 名患者还接受了全面老年评估（CGA）。
1220 名参与者的平均年龄为 74.9±6.1 岁；75.5%为女性。根据问卷，58.3%报告有视力或听力障碍，58.2%有认知障碍，46%有情绪障碍，42%有行走困难，28.3%有尿失禁，21.3%有创伤性跌倒（过去一年），12.2%有体重减轻。每位患者的 GSs 平均数量为 2.9±1.5。根据 CGA，34.8%的患者有工具性日常生活活动能力下降，25.8%有营养不良风险（微型营养评估评分，17-23.5），8.6%有认知障碍可能（简易精神状态检查评分<25），36.2%有抑郁症状（老年抑郁量表 15 项评分>5）。总的来说，患者表现出良好的移动能力（平均步行速度，1±0.2 m/s）和手握力（女性 23.9±6.4 kg，男性 39.1±8.3 kg），但平衡能力差（只有 39.4%能够单腿站立 10 秒或更长时间）。
这项研究的结果表明，莫斯科 65 岁及以上社区居民 GSs 的患病率很高。研究结果更好地了解了俄罗斯老年人的需求，并为规划该人群的医疗和社会援助提供了便利。
