Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University Kebangsaan Malaysia (The National University of Malaysia), Jalan Yaacob Latif 56000, Cheras, Malaysia.
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, Bandar Puncak Alam 42300, Selangor, Malaysia.
Curr Drug Targets. 2018;19(14):1657-1671. doi: 10.2174/1389450119666180219123815.
Eurycoma longifolia (E. longifolia) has gained widespread recognition due to its versatile pharmacological activities including aphrodisiac, anticancer, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anxiolytic, anti-diabetic, ergogenic, insecticidal, anti-rheumatism, bone protection, and anti-ulcer effects.
This review was aimed to critically overview the literature and summarizes the antibacterial, antiprotozoal, and antifungal trends of E. longifolia and its medicinally active components.
Besides its well-documented safety, efficacy, and tolerability, a plethora of in vitro, in vivo, and human clinical studies has evidenced the antimicrobial efficacy of E. longifolia and its bioactive constituents. Phytochemical screening of various types of extracts (methanolic, ethyl acetate, and nbutanolic) from different parts (roots, stem, and leaves) of E. longifolia displayed a dose-dependent antibacterial, antiprotozoal, and antifungal responses. Comparative analysis revealed that the root extract of E. longifolia exhibited the highest antimicrobial efficacy compared to other parts of the plant. Bioactivity-guided fractionation identified that among all of the medicinal compounds isolated/ extracted from different parts of E. longifolia, eurycomanone displayed the strongest antibacterial, antiprotozoal and antifungal activities.
Based on the critical analysis of the literature, we identified that E. longifolia exhibits promising antibacterial, antiprotozoal, and antifungal efficacies against various pathogenic microbes and thus can be considered as a potential complementary and alternative antimicrobial therapy.
长叶胡颓子（E. longifolia）由于其具有多种药理学活性而受到广泛认可，包括壮阳、抗癌、抗菌、抗氧化、抗炎、抗焦虑、抗糖尿病、增强运动能力、杀虫、抗风湿、保护骨骼和抗溃疡作用。
本综述旨在批判性地回顾文献，并总结长叶胡颓子及其药用活性成分的抗菌、抗原生动物和抗真菌趋势。
除了其安全性、功效和耐受性得到充分证实外，大量的体外、体内和人体临床研究证明了长叶胡颓子及其生物活性成分的抗菌功效。对来自长叶胡颓子不同部位（根、茎和叶）的各种类型提取物（甲醇、乙酸乙酯和正丁醇）进行的植物化学筛选显示出剂量依赖性的抗菌、抗原生动物和抗真菌反应。比较分析表明，与植物的其他部位相比，长叶胡颓子的根提取物表现出最高的抗菌功效。基于生物活性的分离表明，从长叶胡颓子的不同部位分离/提取的所有药用化合物中，胡颓子酮表现出最强的抗菌、抗原生动物和抗真菌活性。
基于对文献的批判性分析，我们确定长叶胡颓子对各种致病微生物具有有前途的抗菌、抗原生动物和抗真菌功效，因此可以被认为是一种潜在的补充和替代抗菌治疗方法。
