Chun-Li Cao, Shi-Zhu Li, Xiao-Nong Zhou
National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases; Key Laboratory of Parasites and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai 200025, China.
Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi. 2016 Nov 18;28(6):618-623. doi: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2016215.
Flood damage is one of the ordinary natural calamities. The areas of middle and down of the Yangtze River and its south are the endemic area of schistosomiasis. As the flood damage, it causes property loss, and harm public and people health severely even. This paper aims at the status of catastrophic flood damage again in the Yangtze River basin, analyzes the impact of schistosomiasis transmission by it, and indicates that at present, the process of schistosomiasis control in China is marching from transmission control to transmission interruption and elimination, but the frequent flooding exacerbates snail breeding area and schistosomiasis source spreading, which may influence, in a certain extent, the realization of the goal of schistosomiasis control in China. We should timely assess and monitor the impact and risk of schistosomiasis transmission by flood damage, and give the early warning and adopt emergency handling measures in time. This paper also proposes the disaster prevention measures according to flood damage stages (the early, middle, later, and post-flood) and the occurrence and development of damage and endemic situation, so as to control the risk and damage of the disease transmission in a high limit, to consolidate the current achievements of schistosomiasis prevention and control and guarantee the realization of the goal of schistosomiasis interruption and elimination in China on the schedule.
洪涝灾害是常见的自然灾害之一。长江中下游及其以南地区是血吸虫病的流行区。洪涝灾害不仅造成财产损失，甚至严重危害公众和人民健康。本文针对长江流域再次发生的特大洪涝灾害情况，分析其对血吸虫病传播的影响，指出目前我国血吸虫病防治正从传播控制向传播阻断和消除迈进，但洪涝灾害频发加剧了钉螺孳生面积和血吸虫病源扩散，在一定程度上可能影响我国血吸虫病防治目标的实现。应及时评估和监测洪涝灾害对血吸虫病传播的影响及风险，及时预警并采取应急处理措施。本文还根据洪涝灾害阶段（前期、中期、后期、灾后）及灾害发生发展与疫情态势，提出防灾措施，以期最大限度控制疾病传播风险和危害，巩固当前血吸虫病防治成果，确保我国血吸虫病阻断和消除目标如期实现。
