Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, China.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2020 Oct 7;14(10):e0008674. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008674. eCollection 2020 Oct.
Schistosomiasis caused by Schistosoma japonicum is a public health concern in China, and Hubei is one of the most affected provinces. Although the routine surveillance since the mid 1950s has generated substantial data pertaining to the habitats of the intermediate snail host, Oncomelania hupensis, its spatiotemporal distribution is not known. A review of local chronicles on the annual records of schistosomiasis control program was conducted to retrospectively collect information about O. hupensis habitats. The habitats were mapped by a field survey in 2016. We categorized the habitats into five evolutionary types, namely, Type I, current habitat; Types II-IV, historical habitat; and Type V, suspected habitat according to habitat development. The shape of habitats was determined using geographical information systems. A visual database was established and managed on the ArcGIS platform. A total of 43 472 O. hupensis habitats, covering an area of approximately 430 000 hectares, were identified through the study. Over 60% of these habitats have been eliminated. The highest number of O. hupensis habitats was recorded in 1975; however, most of them were preserved until 1995. Our study, for the first time, sheds light on the spatiotemporal distribution of O. hupensis in the most affected province in China. The data will be valuable for policy making and for formulating strategies to eliminate schistosomiasis in Hubei Province.
由日本血吸虫引起的血吸虫病是中国的公共卫生关注点，湖北省是受影响最严重的省份之一。尽管自 20 世纪 50 年代中期以来的常规监测已经产生了大量有关中间螺宿主钉螺栖息地的相关数据，但钉螺的时空分布情况仍不清楚。本文回顾了当地有关血吸虫病防治计划的年度记录编年史，以回顾性收集有关钉螺栖息地的信息。2016 年通过实地调查对栖息地进行了测绘。我们根据栖息地的发展情况，将栖息地分为五类，即：I 型，当前栖息地；II 型-IV 型，历史栖息地；V 型，疑似栖息地。利用地理信息系统确定了栖息地的形状。在 ArcGIS 平台上建立并管理了一个可视化数据库。本研究共确定了 43472 个钉螺栖息地，面积约 43 万公顷。其中超过 60%的栖息地已经被消除。钉螺栖息地数量最多的是在 1975 年，但直到 1995 年仍有大部分被保留。本研究首次揭示了中国受影响最严重的省份钉螺的时空分布情况。这些数据将对制定政策和制定消除湖北省血吸虫病的策略具有重要价值。
