Li Chunyan, Jiang Cheng, Wu Zhiyang, Cheng Binglin, An Xuejiao, Wang Hailan, Sun Yueling, Huang Mingyan, Chen Xi, Wang Jinming
a College of Resource and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin , Heilongjiang , PR China.
b College of Life Science, Jiamusi University , Jiamusi , Heilongjiang , PR China.
J Environ Sci Health B. 2018;53(7):423-433. doi: 10.1080/03601234.2018.1438836. Epub 2018 Feb 22.
The rapid development and increase of antibiotic resistance are global phenomena resulting from the extensive use of antibiotics in human clinics and animal feeding operations. Antibiotics can promote the occurrence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), which can be transferred horizontally to humans and animals through water and the food chain. In this study, the presence and abundance of ARGs in livestock waste was monitored by quantitative PCR. A diverse set of bacteria and tetracycline resistance genes encoding ribosomal protection proteins (RPPs) from three livestock farms and a river were analyzed through denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). The abundance of sul(I) was 10 to 10 orders of magnitude higher than that of sul(II). Among 11 tet-ARGs, the most abundant was tet(O). The results regarding bacterial diversity indicated that the presence of antibiotics might have an evident impact on bacterial diversity at every site, particularly at the investigated swine producer. The effect of livestock waste on the bacterial diversity of soil was stronger than that of water. Furthermore, a sequencing analysis showed that tet(M) exhibited two genotypes, while the other RPPs-encoding genes exhibited at least three genotypes. This study showed that various ARGs and RPPs-encoding genes are particularly widespread among livestock.
抗生素耐药性的迅速发展和增加是全球现象，这是人类临床和动物饲养操作中广泛使用抗生素所致。抗生素可促使抗生素耐药基因（ARGs）的出现，这些基因可通过水和食物链水平转移至人类和动物体内。在本研究中，通过定量PCR监测了畜禽粪便中ARGs的存在情况和丰度。通过变性梯度凝胶电泳（DGGE）分析了来自三个养殖场和一条河流的多种细菌以及编码核糖体保护蛋白（RPPs）的四环素耐药基因。磺胺类（I）的丰度比磺胺类（II）高10至10个数量级。在11种四环素耐药基因中，丰度最高的是四环素耐药基因O（tet(O)）。有关细菌多样性的结果表明，抗生素的存在可能对每个位点的细菌多样性产生明显影响，尤其是在所调查的养猪场。畜禽粪便对土壤细菌多样性的影响强于对水体的影响。此外，测序分析表明，四环素耐药基因M（tet(M)）呈现两种基因型，而其他编码RPPs的基因至少呈现三种基因型。本研究表明，各种ARGs和编码RPPs的基因在畜禽中特别普遍。
