Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing 100081, China.
College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
Toxins (Basel). 2018 Feb 22;10(2):90. doi: 10.3390/toxins10020090.
, , and were identified as the predominant fungi among 116 isolates causing maize ear and kernel rot, a destructive disease in Chongqing areas, China. The toxigenic capability and genotype were determined by molecular amplification and toxin assay. The results showed that the key toxigenic gene was detected in 47 and 19 isolates. Among these, and isolates mainly produced fumonisin B₁, ranging from 3.17 to 1566.44, and 97.74 to 11,100.99 µg/g for each gram of dry hyphal weight, with the averages of 263.94 and 3632.88 µg/g, respectively, indicating the isolates on average produced about an order of magnitude more fumonisins than did in these areas, in vitro. Only NIV genotype was detected among 16 and three isolates. Among these, 11 isolates produced NIV, varying from 17.40 to 2597.34 µg/g. ZEA and DON toxins were detected in 11 and 4 isolates, with the toxin production range of 8.35-78.57 and 3.38-33.41 µg/g, respectively. Three isolates produced almost no mycotoxins, except that one isolate produced a small amount of DON. The findings provide us with insight into the risk of the main pathogenic species and a guide for resistance breeding in these areas.
在导致中国重庆地区玉米穗和籽粒腐烂的 116 个分离物中，鉴定出、和为主要真菌。通过分子扩增和毒素检测确定了产毒能力和基因型。结果表明，在 47 个和 19 个分离物中检测到关键产毒基因。其中，和分离物主要产生伏马菌素 B₁，范围为 3.17 至 1566.44 和 97.74 至 11100.99 µg/g 干菌丝重，平均值分别为 263.94 和 3632.88 µg/g，表明这些地区的 分离物平均产生的伏马菌素比 多一个数量级，体外。在 16 个和三个 分离物中仅检测到 NIV 基因型。其中，有 11 个分离物产生 NIV，含量为 17.40 至 2597.34 µg/g。在 11 个和 4 个分离物中检测到 ZEA 和 DON 毒素，其毒素产生范围分别为 8.35-78.57 和 3.38-33.41 µg/g。三个 分离物几乎不产生任何霉菌毒素，只有一个分离物产生少量 DON。这些发现使我们深入了解这些地区主要致病 种的风险，并为抗性育种提供指导。
