Shim Hyunyong, Lee Seungwan, Koo Miseung, Kim Jinsook
Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology, Graduate School, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea.
Division of Speech Pathology and Audiology, Research Institute of Audiology and Speech Pathology, College of Natural Sciences, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea.
J Audiol Otol. 2018 Jul;22(3):140-147. doi: 10.7874/jao.2017.00339. Epub 2018 Feb 26.
To prevent noise induced hearing losses caused by listening to music with personal listening devices for young adults, this study was aimed to measure output levels of an MP3 and to identify preferred listening levels (PLLs) depending on earphone types, music genres, and listening durations.
Twenty-two normal hearing young adults (mean=18.82, standard deviation=0.57) participated. Each participant was asked to select his or her most PLLs when listened to Korean ballade or dance music with an earbud or an over-the-ear earphone for 30 or 60 minutes. One side of earphone was connected to the participant's better ear and the other side was connected to a sound level meter via a 2 or 6 cc-couplers. Depending on earphone types, music genres, and listening durations, loudness A-weighted equivalent (LAeq) and loudness maximum time-weighted with A-frequency sound levels in dBA were measured.
Neither main nor interaction effects of the PLLs among the three factors were significant. Overall output levels of earbuds were about 10-12 dBA greater than those of over-the-ear earphones. The PLLs were 1.73 dBA greater for earbuds than over-the-ear earphones. The average PLL for ballad was higher than for dance music. The PLLs at LAeq for both music genres were the greatest at 0.5 kHz followed by 1, 0.25, 2, 4, 0.125, 8 kHz in the order.
The PLLs were not different significantly when listening to Korean ballad or dance music as functions of earphone types, music genres, and listening durations. However, over-the-ear earphones seemed to be more suitable to prevent noise induce hearing loss when listening to music, showing lower PLLs, possibly due to isolation from the background noise by covering ears.
为预防年轻人使用个人聆听设备听音乐导致的噪声性听力损失，本研究旨在测量MP3的输出水平，并根据耳机类型、音乐流派和聆听时长确定偏好聆听水平（PLL）。
22名听力正常的年轻人（平均年龄 = 18.82岁，标准差 = 0.57）参与研究。要求每位参与者在使用耳塞式耳机或头戴式耳机听韩国民谣或舞曲30或60分钟时选择其最偏好的聆听水平。耳机的一侧连接到参与者听力较好的耳朵，另一侧通过2或6立方厘米耦合器连接到声级计。根据耳机类型、音乐流派和聆听时长，测量A加权等效响度（LAeq）以及A频率声级的最大响度时间加权（以分贝为单位）。
三个因素之间的偏好聆听水平的主效应和交互效应均不显著。耳塞式耳机的总体输出水平比头戴式耳机高约10 - 12分贝。耳塞式耳机的偏好聆听水平比头戴式耳机高1.73分贝。民谣的平均偏好聆听水平高于舞曲。两种音乐流派在LAeq时的偏好聆听水平在0.5千赫兹时最大，其次依次为1、0.25、2、4、0.125、8千赫兹。
在听韩国民谣或舞曲时，偏好聆听水平在耳机类型、音乐流派和聆听时长方面没有显著差异。然而，头戴式耳机在听音乐时似乎更适合预防噪声性听力损失，其偏好聆听水平较低，可能是因为通过覆盖耳朵与背景噪声隔离。
