McGowan Joseph C, Midlarsky Elizabeth, Morin Ruth T, Graber Liat S
a Teachers College , Columbia University , New York , New York , USA.
Clin Gerontol. 2016 Oct-Dec;39(5):489-507. doi: 10.1080/07317115.2016.1187696. Epub 2016 Jun 3.
In this study, the authors explore how the association between religiousness and psychological distress varies by religious affiliation. Prior work has shown that the association between religious belief and psychological distress is stronger for Christians than Jews, while religious activity is associated with lower psychological distress for both groups.
Interviews were conducted using a community sample of 143 Christian and Jewish older adults, ages 65 and over. Quantitative measures were used to assess levels of organizational and intrinsic religiosity, as well as symptoms of depression and anxiety.
Christians who are highly involved in the organizational aspects of their religion report fewer depressive symptoms than Jews who have high levels of organizational religiosity, and the opposite is the case at lower levels of organizational religiosity. No significant group differences were found in the relationship between religiousness and anxiety.
The results of this study indicate a difference between Jews and Christians in the reasons that they turn to their respective religious services, particularly in late life.
在本研究中，作者探讨宗教虔诚与心理困扰之间的关联如何因宗教归属而有所不同。先前的研究表明，宗教信仰与心理困扰之间的关联对基督徒而言比对犹太教徒更强，而宗教活动与两组人群较低的心理困扰相关。
采用社区样本对143名年龄在65岁及以上的基督教和犹太教老年人进行访谈。运用定量测量方法评估组织性和内在性宗教虔诚水平以及抑郁和焦虑症状。
高度参与宗教组织活动的基督徒所报告的抑郁症状少于具有高度组织性宗教虔诚的犹太教徒，而在组织性宗教虔诚程度较低时情况则相反。在宗教虔诚与焦虑之间的关系上未发现显著的群体差异。
本研究结果表明，犹太人和基督徒在求助于各自宗教仪式的原因上存在差异，尤其是在晚年。
