Olafsen Kåre S, Ulvund Stein Erik, Torgersen Anne Mari, Wentzel-Larsen Tore, Smith Lars, Moe Vibeke
Centre for Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Eastern and Southern Norway.
University of Oslo and University of Tromsø-The Arctic University.
Infant Ment Health J. 2018 Mar;39(2):183-197. doi: 10.1002/imhj.21697. Epub 2018 Feb 24.
There is a need for standardized measures of infant temperament to strengthen current practices in prevention and early intervention. The present study provides Norwegian data on the Cameron-Rice Infant Temperament Questionnaire (CRITQ; J.R. Cameron & D.C. Rice, 1986a), which comprises 46 items and is used within a U.S. health maintenance organization. The CRITQ was filled out by mothers and fathers at 6 and again at 12 months as part of a longitudinal study of mental health during the first years of life (the "Little in Norway" study, N = 1,041 families enrolled; V. Moe & L. Smith, 2010). Results showed that internal consistencies were comparable with U.S.
The temperament dimensions of persistence, adaptability, and regularity had acceptable or close-to-acceptable reliabilities in the U.S. study as well as in this study, and also were unifactorial in confirmatory factor analysis. These dimensions are the focus in this article. Findings concerning parents' differential ratings of their infants on the three dimensions are reported, as is the stability of parents' ratings of temperament from 6 to 12 months. In addition, results on the relation between temperament and parenting stress are presented. The study suggests that temperamental adaptability, persistence, and regularity may be relevant when assessing infant behavior, and may be applied in systematic prevention trials for families with infants. The inclusion of concepts related to individual differences in response tendencies and regulatory efforts may broaden the understanding of parent-infant transactions, and thus enrich prevention and sensitizing interventions with the aim of assisting infants' development.
需要有标准化的婴儿气质测量方法来加强当前预防和早期干预的实践。本研究提供了关于卡梅隆 - 赖斯婴儿气质问卷（CRITQ；J.R. 卡梅隆和 D.C. 赖斯，1986a）的挪威数据，该问卷包含46个项目，在美国的一个健康维护组织中使用。作为一项关于生命最初几年心理健康的纵向研究（“挪威小样本”研究，招募了N = 1041个家庭；V. 莫和 L. 史密斯，2010）的一部分，母亲和父亲在婴儿6个月和12个月时填写了CRITQ。结果表明，内部一致性与美国的研究相当。
在美国的研究以及本研究中，坚持性、适应性和规律性这些气质维度具有可接受或接近可接受的信度，并且在验证性因素分析中也是单因素的。这些维度是本文的重点。报告了父母在这三个维度上对婴儿的差异评分结果，以及父母对气质评分从6个月到12个月的稳定性。此外，还呈现了气质与养育压力之间关系的结果。该研究表明，在评估婴儿行为时，气质适应性、坚持性和规律性可能是相关的，并且可应用于针对有婴儿家庭的系统预防试验中。纳入与反应倾向和调节努力方面个体差异相关的概念可能会拓宽对亲子互动的理解，从而丰富旨在促进婴儿发展的预防和敏感性干预措施。
