Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, Chiba, Japan.
Adv Clin Chem. 2018;84:81-99. doi: 10.1016/bs.acc.2017.12.005. Epub 2018 Feb 1.
Major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD) are the most common mood disorders. They are etiologically related, but clinically distinct psychiatric illnesses. Their shared clinical features result in high rates of misdiagnosis due to a lack of biomarkers that allow their differentiation. BD is more frequently misdiagnosed as MDD because of overlapping symptomology, often later onset of mania, and frequent occurrence of depressive episodes in patients with BD. Misdiagnosis is also increased when patients with BD present symptoms indicative of a clinically significant depressive episode, but are premorbid for manic symptoms, or previous manic states not recognized. Therefore, the development of specific biomarkers for these disorders would be invaluable for establishing the correct diagnosis and treatment of MDD and BD. This chapter presents an overview and future perspective of the identification of biomarkers for mood disorders using metabolomics.
重性抑郁障碍（MDD）和双相情感障碍（BD）是最常见的情绪障碍。它们在病因上有关联，但在临床上是不同的精神疾病。由于缺乏能够区分它们的生物标志物，因此它们的共同临床特征导致误诊率很高。BD 更常被误诊为 MDD，因为它们的症状重叠，躁狂症通常发病较晚，以及 BD 患者经常出现抑郁发作。当 BD 患者出现具有临床意义的抑郁发作症状，但在发病前有躁狂症状，或以前的躁狂状态未被识别时，误诊也会增加。因此，为这些疾病开发特定的生物标志物对于正确诊断和治疗 MDD 和 BD 将是非常宝贵的。本章介绍了使用代谢组学鉴定情绪障碍生物标志物的概述和未来展望。
