Dranove D, Satterthwaite M, Sindelar J
Inquiry. 1986 Winter;23(4):419-31.
Preferred provider organizations (PPOs) and other discount health care purchasers are injecting price competition into the hospital market, which has hitherto been insulated from price competition by comprehensive and generous insurance coverage. Providing the discounts demanded by PPOs thus poses unaccustomed and difficult problems for hospitals. We constructed a model to study the choices forced by PPOs on the hospital market. We predict that prices will fall, excess capacity will be reduced, and some hospitals may develop financial problems. In the extreme case, prices will fall substantially, some hospitals will go bankrupt, excess capacity will be eliminated, and an unprecedented price volatility will be introduced into the market.
优选提供者组织（PPO）及其他折扣医疗保健采购方正在将价格竞争引入医院市场，而此前由于全面且优厚的保险覆盖，该市场一直免受价格竞争影响。因此，满足PPO所要求的折扣给医院带来了前所未有的难题。我们构建了一个模型来研究PPO给医院市场带来的选择问题。我们预测价格将会下降，产能过剩情况将得到缓解，一些医院可能会出现财务问题。在极端情况下，价格将大幅下跌，一些医院将破产，产能过剩将被消除，市场将出现前所未有的价格波动。
