Dept. of Biodiversity and Experimental Biology, FCEN, University of Buenos Aires, Institute of Biodiversity, Experimental and Applied Biology (IBBEA), CONICET-UBA, Ciudad Universitaria, Pab. II, C1428EGA, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Pulmonary Immunology and Physiology Laboratory, Dept. of Pediatrics, Penn State College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
Aquat Toxicol. 2018 Apr;197:136-142. doi: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.02.017. Epub 2018 Feb 21.
Atrazine, a widely use herbicide, has been classified as a potential endocrine disruptor, especially for freshwater species. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that atrazine can affect reproduction in crayfish through dysregulation of vitellogenin expression and hormone synthesis. Adult female crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) were exposed during one month to atrazine at concentrations of either 1 or 5 mg/L. At the end of the exposure, ovaries, hepatopancreas, and hemolymph samples were harvested for analysis of vitellogenin expression and steroid hormone levels. Ovarian tissue was also sampled for both biochemical and histological analyses. Our results show that atrazine-exposed crayfish had a lower expression of vitellogenin in the ovary and hepatopancreas, as well as smaller oocytes, and reduced vitellogenin content in the ovary. Despite these effects, circulating levels of estradiol increased in females exposed to 5 mg/L of atrazine, showing that the inhibiting effect of atrazine on vitellogenin production was not related to a lower secretion of sexual steroids. Instead, some early stimulating effects of estradiol on vitellogenesis could have occurred, particularly in the hepatopancreas. On the other hand, atrazine caused a higher metabolic effort, in terms of lactate production, presumably triggered to provide the energy needed to face the unspecific stress produced by the herbicide. Lipid peroxidation was not affected by atrazine, but glutathione levels were significantly increased.
莠去津是一种广泛使用的除草剂，已被归类为一种潜在的内分泌干扰物，尤其对淡水物种有影响。在本研究中，我们通过检测血卵清蛋白表达和激素合成的失调来验证莠去津是否会影响螯虾的繁殖这一假设。成年雌性螯虾（Procambarus clarkii）在一个月内分别暴露于 1 或 5mg/L 的莠去津浓度下。暴露结束时，采集卵巢、肝胰腺和血淋巴样本，以分析血卵清蛋白的表达和类固醇激素水平。还对卵巢组织进行了生化和组织学分析。结果表明，暴露于莠去津的螯虾卵巢和肝胰腺中的血卵清蛋白表达降低，卵母细胞体积减小，卵巢中血卵清蛋白含量降低。尽管存在这些影响，但暴露于 5mg/L 莠去津的雌性动物血液中雌二醇水平升高，表明莠去津对血卵清蛋白产生的抑制作用与性类固醇分泌减少无关。相反，可能发生了雌二醇对卵黄生成的早期刺激作用，尤其是在肝胰腺中。另一方面，莠去津导致乳酸产生的代谢努力增加，可能是为了提供能量以应对除草剂产生的非特异性应激。莠去津未影响脂质过氧化，但谷胱甘肽水平显著增加。
