University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25, Vodnany, Czech Republic.
University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25, Vodnany, Czech Republic.
Chem Biol Interact. 2018 Aug 1;291:95-102. doi: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.06.012. Epub 2018 Jun 13.
Atrazine (ATR) is a triazine herbicide banned in the European Union. It remains one of the most widely used herbicides in other parts of the world. Considering the scarcity of data on its possible harm to the environment and to human health, we assessed sub-chronic effects of a 14-day exposure at the environmentally relevant concentration of 6.86 μg/L and at 10% of the 96hLC50 (1.21 mg/L) in crayfish Cherax destructor and their recovery in a 14-day period in ATR-free water. Indicators assessed were behavior; hemolymph biochemical profile; oxidative and antioxidant parameters in gill, hepatopancreas, and muscle; and histology of gill and hepatopancreas. Crayfish exposed to the environmental concentration showed significant differences (P < 0.01) from controls in biochemical parameters of hemolymph (lactate, alkaline phosphatase) and activity of superoxide dismutase, as well as in histology of gill tissue. The higher concentration led to low motor activity, differences in biochemical profile of hemolymph (lactate, alkaline phosphatase, ammonia, glucose), antioxidant biomarkers (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase, glutathione S-transferase, reduced glutathione), as well as gill and hepatopancreas histology. Some observed effects persisted after 14-days recovery in ATR-free water. The results provide evidence that environmental concentrations of ATR produce negative effects on freshwater crayfish.
莠去津（ATR）是一种三嗪类除草剂，已在欧盟被禁用。但它仍是世界其他地区使用最广泛的除草剂之一。鉴于其对环境和人类健康可能造成危害的数据稀缺，我们评估了在环境相关浓度 6.86μg/L 和 96hLC50（1.21mg/L）的 10%（即亚慢性暴露 14 天）下，淡水螯虾（Cherax destructor）的亚慢性影响，以及在无莠去津的水中 14 天恢复期的影响。评估的指标包括行为、血淋巴生化特征、鳃、肝胰腺和肌肉中的氧化和抗氧化参数以及鳃和肝胰腺的组织学。暴露于环境浓度的螯虾与对照组相比，血淋巴生化参数（乳酸、碱性磷酸酶）和超氧化物歧化酶活性以及鳃组织的组织学有显著差异（P<0.01）。较高浓度导致运动活性降低、血淋巴生化特征（乳酸、碱性磷酸酶、氨、葡萄糖）、抗氧化生物标志物（超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽还原酶、谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶、还原型谷胱甘肽）以及鳃和肝胰腺组织学的差异。在无莠去津的水中恢复 14 天后，一些观察到的影响仍然存在。结果表明，环境浓度的 ATR 对淡水螯虾产生负面影响。
